某汽车制造企业女工妇科疾病分布特征分析

Survey of gynecological diseases on female workers in an automobile manufacturing company

目的了解某汽车制造企业女工妇科疾病患病情况。方法采用判断抽样方法,选择广州市某汽车制造企业382名接触职业病危害因素的女工作为接触组,另选367名无接触职业病危害因素的女性行政人员作为对照组,分析2组女工的阴道炎、盆腔炎、宫颈炎、附件囊肿、卵巢囊肿和子宫肌瘤等妇科疾病的患病情况。结果接触组女工的阴道炎和子宫肌瘤患病率分别高于对照组(24.9%vs 20.7%,20.4%vs 9.8%,P<0.05)。接触组的3个亚组中,焊接亚组女工阴道炎患病率最高,涂装亚组女工附件囊肿患病率最高,总装亚组女工子宫肌瘤患病率最高,患病率分别为35.4%、11.4%和28.1%(P<0.017)。接触组女工子宫肌瘤患病率呈随年龄的增加而增加的趋势(P<0.05);接触组女工宫颈炎、附件囊肿和子宫肌瘤患病率均呈随工龄的增加而增加的趋势(P<0.05)。结论汽车制造企业中接触职业病危害因素的女工的妇科疾病患病率高于普通人群;女工妇科疾病患病率的工种差异可能与其所接触的职业病危害因素不同有关。

Objective To analyze the current prevalence status of gynecological diseases on female workers in an automobile manufacturing company.Methods By judgment sampling,382 female workers who exposed to occupational hazard factors were selected as exposure group and 367 female executive staffs without exposure to those factors were selected as control group.Among the three subgroups of the exposure group,the prevalence rate of vaginitis,pelvic inflammatory disease,cervicitis,annex cysts,ovarian cysts and uterine fibroid in these two groups were analyzed.Results The prevalence rate of vaginitis and uterine fibroid in exposure group was higher than that of control group （24.9% vs 20.7%,20.4% vs 9.8%,P〈0.05）.Among the three subgroups of the exposure group,the prevalence rate of vaginitis in welding subgroup was the highest （35.4%,P〈0.017）;the prevalence rate of annex cysts in coating subgroup was the highest among all subgroups （11.4%,P〈0.017）;the prevalence rate of uterine fibroid in assembly subgroup was the highest （28.1%,P〈0.017）.The prevalence rate of uterine fibroid in exposure group presented an increasing tendency with the increase of age （P〈0.05）.The prevalence rate of cervicitis,annex cysts and uterine fibroid in exposure group presented an increasing tendency with the increase of seniority （P〈0.05）.Conclusion The prevalence rate of gynecological diseases in female workers who exposed to occupational hazard factors in an automobile manufacturing company was significantly higher than general population.The prevalence rate of gynecological diseases among different types of female workers was significantly different.Disparity of gynecological diseases prevalence of female workers might due to differences in occupational hazard factors exposure.