不同产地和药用部位的蜂房中重金属含量比较

Comparison of Different Producing Areas and Parts on the Contents of Heavy Metals in Vespae Nidus

目的:建立同时测定蜂房中5种重金属含量的方法,探讨不同产地和药用部位对其中重金属含量的影响。方法:采用原子分光光度法(氢化物还原法、冷蒸气法、石墨炉法、火焰法)测定药材中砷(As)、汞(Hg)、铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)、铜(Cu)的含量。比较不同产地和药用部位的药材中重金属含量的差异。结果:As、Hg、Pb、Cd、Cu检测质量浓度线性范围分别为0~40、0~0.9、0~80、0~8、0~800 ng/mL(r分别为0.993 0、0.997 4、0.995 5、0.992 7、0.996 6);定量限分别为4.473、2.35×10^(-3)、8.380、2.128、54 ng/mL,检测限分别为1.342、0.701×10^(-3)、2.514、0.632、16 ng/mL;精密性、稳定性、重复性试验的RSD<5.0%;加样回收率分别为84.26%~102.25%(RSD=7.71%,n=6)、90.90%~115.31%(RSD=9.38%,n=6)、92.16%~105.70%(RSD=6.19%,n=6)、90.81%~113.99%(RSD=8.86%,n=6)、91.63%~102.79%(RSD=5.09%,n=6)。山东、河北产药材样品中重金属超标情况最为严重,其主要超标的重金属是Pb;蜂室药材样品中Pb含量高于其他药用部位。结论:该方法操作简便,精密度、稳定性、重复性好,可用于蜂房中5种重金属含量的同时测定。不同产地和药用部位蜂房中重金属含量有一定不同。

OBJECTIVE： To establish the method for simultaneous determination of 5 heavy metals in Vespae Nidus, and to discuss the effects of difterent producing area and part on the contents of heavy metals in Vespae Nidus. METHODS： The contents of arsenic （As）, mercury （Hg）, lead （Pb）, cadmium （Cd） and copper （Cu） were determined by atomic spectrophotometry（hydride generation method, cold vapor method, graphite furnace method and flame method）. The difference in the contents of heavy metals in samples were compared among different producing areas by analyzing data. RESULTS ： The linear range of As, Hg, Pb, Cu, Cd were 0-40 ng/mL（r=0.993 0） ,0-0.9 ng/mL（r=0.997 4） ,0-80 ng/mL（r=0.995 5） ,0-8 ng/mL（r=0.992 7）, 0-800 ng/mL（r= 0.996 6 ）, respectively. Limit of quantitation were 4.473,2.35× 10-3,8.380,2.128,54 ng/mL, limit of detection were 1.342,0.701× 10-3,2.514,0.632, 16 ng/mL. RSDs of precision, stability and reproducibility tests were all lower than 5.0%. The recoveries were 84.26% -102.25% （RSD=7.71% , n=6） , 90.90% -115.31% （RSD=9.38% , n=6） , 92.16% -105.70% （RSD=6.19% , n=6） , 90.81% -113.99% （RSD=8.86%, n=6）, 91.63% -102.79% （RSD=5.09%, n=6）. The phenomenon that heavy metals of sample from Shandong and Hebei exceed the standard was the most serious. Main heavy metal which exceed the standard was Pb. The content of Pb in Chamber was higher than other parts. CONCLUSIONS： The method is simple, precise, stable and reproducible, and can be used for simultaneous determination of 5 heavy metals in Vespae Nidus. There are different contents of heavy metal in Vespae Nidus of different producing areas and parts.