我国科研人员对学术不端行为的归因分析——基于参与国家重大科技项目科研人员的调研

The attribution of research misconduct behaviors:viewpoints from national major S & T projects investigators

以参与过国家重大科研项目的科研人员为对象,采用场景模拟法收集数据,结果发现,我国科研人员对学术不端行为的归因存在内部归因、外部归因、交互作用归因、情境特异性归因4种模式。进一步分析表明,不管持何种归因方式,我国科研人员对学术不端行为都持明确的否定态度,但对不端行为再次发生可能性的判断则存在显著差异。本研究有助于更全面认识科研人员对学术不端行为的归因模式,结果对于如何防范学术不端行为也有一定启示。

The current study used the scenario-based survey technique to explore how investigators of the national major S＆T projects interpret the motives of research misconduct behaviors. Results indicate that there are four types of attribution--internal, external, interaction, and event-specific attributions, respectively. Moreover, investigators holding different types of attribution express negative attitudes toward research misconduct, they do differ in their judgment about the likelihood that the person commits the same misconduct behavior later. The findings are discussed in terms of the contribution to fully understand the underlining motives of research misconduct, and the practical implications for preventing research misconduct.