德国外交文化解析——以德国的叙利亚政策为例

An Analysis of German Political Culture Inherent in Its Foreign Policy:A Case Study of Germany's Syria Policy

第二次世界大战结束后,经历了公民教育与历史反思的德国在外交文化领域发生嬗变。两德统一后,摆脱了冷战格局束缚的德国在国际上的地位逐步提高,西方盟友对德国承担更多国际经济、政治与安全责任的期待也相应上升。在此背景下,德国外交文化的内在特征出现调整趋向:军事领域的"克制文化"、"联盟团结"与"多边主义"原则以及"承担更多国际责任"之间此消彼长的态势有所加剧。然而,德国政界加强国际参与的意愿与民众对承担国际责任及使用武力的谨慎态度仍在反复拉锯。德国在叙利亚战争中的外交政策反映出的正是冷战结束以来德国外交文化的延续与调整的特点。

After the end of the Second World War,the German political culture inherent in its foreign policy has changed dramatically due to its historical reflections and citizenship education.After the reunification,Germany’s position in the international community has been gradually lifted and the expectations of the Western allies towards Germany to take more economic,political and security responsibilities internationally greatly enhanced.In this context,adjustments have emerged as to the factors such as the'restraint culture'in the military field,the principle of 'coalition solidarity' and 'multilateralism' and the willingness to 'take more international responsibilities'.However,the willingness of German politicians to strengthen international engagement has met with the public’s cautiousness towards its international responsibility and the deployment of armed force.Germany’s policy towards the Syria crisis reflects both the continuation and adjustment of German political culture after the Cold War.