元认知对大学生英语听力能力的影响和相关教学启示

The Influences on English Listening Ability of University Students Imposed by Metacognition and Related Enlightenment on Teaching

20世纪70年代美国心理学家弗拉维尔提出了元认知理论。随着元认知理论的出现和发展,关于听力的研究也不断发展和丰富。本文参考其他学者进行的元认知与听力能力的实证研究,对元认知知识、元认知监控、元认知体验对大学生英语听力能力的影响进行了分别阐述,论述了三者与提高英语听力能力之间的关系,并给出相关的教学建议,即如何将元认知三成分结合起来纳入到大学英语听力策略培训中,从而最终提高学生的听力水平。

Metaeoguitive theory was put forward by American psychologist J. H. Flavell in 1970s. With the appearance and development of metacognitive theory, the studies of listening has been enriched and advanced. Based on empirical studies conducted by other scholars, the influences on English listening ability of university students imposed by metacognitive knowledge, metacognitive regulation, as well as metacognitive experience are respectively elaborated. The relationship between these three components and enhancing listening competence is analyzed. The related suggestions on teaching, i.e. the viewpoint that these three components should be combined when incorporated into English listening strategy training so as to eventually boost students＇ listening competence is put forward.