南阳市回族中老年人群形态学与体成分相关分析

Study of correlation between anthropometric traits and body composition in middle-aged and elderly population of Hui nationality in Nanyang

目的探讨回族中老年人群形态学与体成分相关关系。方法 2014年6—9月,随机抽取南阳45岁以上回族世居居民583人作为研究对象,测量形态学指标(身高、肱三头肌皮褶、肩胛下皮褶厚度、髂前上棘皮褶厚度、小腿后皮褶厚度、颈围、腰围、腹围、臀围、上臂紧张围、小腿围、体重、胸围),并检测体成分(肌肉量、骨矿物质含量、体液量、体脂量)。计量资料采用t检验,相关关系采用Pearson积差相关系数,P<0.05为差异有统计学差异。结果回族中老年人群中,男性身高、肱三头肌皮褶、颈围、腰围、腹围、臀围、上臂紧张围、小腿围、肌肉量、骨矿物质含量和体液量分别为(164.9 7±6.48)、(1.77±0.32)、(35.41±2.14)、(9 2.16±4.57)、(9 1.9 1±4.79)、(9 8.34±5.38)、(30.86±2.07)、(35.99±2.07)cm、(48.13±6.15)、(2.70±0.32)、(35.69±5.11)kg,均高于女性的(154.70±5.87)、(1.63±0.29)、(34.49±1.66)、(85.17±3.9 6)、(87.13±4.02)、(9 4.9 0±4.78)、(28.04±2.20)、(31.85±2.04)cm、(35.9 3±3.34)、(2.27±0.32)、(29.29±3.23)kg,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。女性肩胛下、髂前上棘、小腿后皮褶厚度、胸围和体脂量分别为(2.35±0.24)、(2.32±0.33)、(1.50±0.23)、(9 4.66±4.32)cm、(21.25±6.88)kg,均高于男性的(2.07±0.30)、(2.23±0.25)、(1.40±0.25)、(88.96±4.39)cm、(14.70±5.47)kg,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.005)。以体质指数(body mass index,BMI)、腰围(waist circumference,WC)、体脂率(percentage of body fat,PBF)定义肥胖,回族中老年人群肥胖率分别为22.3%、92.8%、58.1%。体脂量与除小腿围以外所有形态学参数均相关,肌肉量与除肩胛下皮褶以外所有形态学参数均相关,骨矿物质含量与所有形态学参数均相关,体液量与除胸围以外所有形态学参数均相关(均P<0.05)。结论回族中老年人群多种形态学参数与体成分均有相关性,且肥胖检出率较高,建议选用形态学参数作为日常健康管理指标。

Objective To investigate the correlation between anthropometric traits and body composition in middle-aged and elderly population of Hui nationality. Methods From June to September 2014, 583 Hui nationality adults above 45 years old e randomly selected. The anthropometric traits were measured, including body height, triceps, subscapularis, anterior superior iliac spine, post-cnemis skinfold, neck circumference, chest circumference, waist circumference, abdomen circumference, hip circumference, upper arm circumference and cnemis circumference. The body composition was detected by the body composition analyzer, including body fat, muscle mass, bone mass and body fluid. The t-test was used for measurement data, and the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation, P〈0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The anthropometric traits of male Hui nationality adults including body height, triceps skinfold, neck circumference, waist circumference. abdomen circumference, hip circumference, upper arm and cnemis circumference, body weight, muscle mass, bone mass and body fluid were（164.97±6.48）,（1.77±0.32）,（35.41±2.14）,（92.16±4.57）,（91.91±4.79）,（98.34±5.38）,（30.86±2.07）,（35.9 9±2.07）cm,（48.13±6.15）,（2.70±0.32）,（35.69±5.11）kg,higher than female[（154.70±5.87）,（1.63±0.29）,（34.49±1.66）,（85.17±3.9 6）,（87.13±4.02）,（9 4.9 0±4.78）,（28.04±2.20）,（31.85±2.04）cm,（35.93±3.34）,（2.27±0.32）,（29.29±3.23）kg], the differences were statistically significant（all P〈0.005）. While the traits of female including subscapularis,anterior superior iliac spine,post-cnemis skinfold, chest circumference and body fat were（2.35±0.24）（,2.32±0.33）（,1.50±0.23）（,94.66±4.32）cm（,21.25±6.88）kg, higher than male[（2.07±0.30）（,2.23±0.25）,（1.40±0.25）,（88.96±4.39）cm,（14.70±5.47）kg], the differences were statistically significant（all P〈0.005）. The prevalence of obesity, which was defined as BMI or WC or PBF, was 22.3%, 92.8%, 58.1%, respectively. Body fat had correlation with anthropometric traits but no correlation with cnemis circumference. The muscle mass had correlation with anthropometric traits but no correlation with subscapularis skinfold. The bone mass had correlation with all anthropometric traits. Body fluid had correlation with anthropometric traits but no correlation with chest circumference（P〈0.05）. Conclusion The prevalence of obesity is high in middle-aged and elderly population of Hui nationality, and many anthropometric traits are associated with body composition, which can be used as an indicator to predict the health status.