微环境对角膜内皮作用机制的研究进展

Advances in the mechanisms of microenvironmental factors on corneal endothelium

角膜内皮作为角膜中代谢最为活跃的一层，在维持角膜透明性中发挥重要作用。角膜内皮微环境则是揭示角膜内皮疾病机制和体外培养角膜内皮进而解决角膜内皮移植供体匮乏的关键，其包括了普遍存在的，对细胞有直接作用的生长因子、营养因子、炎性因子及干性因子等各种细胞因子。同时因角膜内皮位置特异性所形成的高氧化环境、眼压等物理应力及相邻组织，如晶状体、角膜后弹力层、房水等与角膜内皮的相互作用也是微环境中的重要因素.

As the most active layer of cornea, corneal endothelium plays an essential role in maintaining corneal transparency. And the microenvironment of corneal endothelial cells is the key to reveal mechanisms of corneal endothelial diseases and culture corneal endothelium in vitro to reduce the donor burden of corneal endothelial transplantation. The corneal endothelial microenvironment includes many kinds of ubiquitous cytokines, such as growth factors, nutritional factors, inflammatory factors and stem factors, which have direct effects on cells. It is also confirmed that due to the specific location of corneal endotheli- urn, the high oxidation environment, the intraocular pressure and other physical stresses and adjacent tissues, like lens, Descemet＇s membrane, aqueous humor and so on, also have important interactions with corneal endothelial cells in microenvironment.