野外地质教学实习师生发病情况调查分析与预防措施

Investigation on Morbidity of Teachers and Students in Geological Field Work and Prevention Measures

为了解野外地质实习师生疾病发生规律,通过对2015年中国地质大学周口店实习基地的1 100名师生门诊就诊情况进行调查统计,分析了该实习基地师生主要疾病发生情况及其不利因素,并提出了有效的预防措施。结果表明:实习基地学生宿舍住宿面积人均仅为2.2m2,住宿环境拥挤、人员密集容易造成传染性疾病的发生;门诊就诊人员以学生为主,构成比占就诊人数的92.55%,且就诊率学生与教职工两者无显著性差异;门诊就诊疾病种类排在前三位的为上呼吸道感染、外伤、皮肤病,构成比分别为60.34%、18.99%、10.43%;师生发病情况与当地最高气温呈正相关关系;改善周口店实习基地生活环境、调整学生野外作业时段是减少野外实习疾病发生的有效措施,随队医生要着重于呼吸道疾病、外伤和皮肤病的宣传教育和预防,并在药物配备方面做到有的放矢。

This paper aims to grasp the rules of teacher-student diseases which appear during the period of field geology practice.The paper investigates the outpatient visits of the 1100 teachers and students at Zhoukoudian practice base of the China University of Geosciences in 2015,analyzes the morbidity and adverse factors,and also proposes effective prevention measures.The results show that the housing areas of the dormitories per capita for students in practice base is only 2.2m2,where infectious diseases easily occur.The patients in clinic are mainly students,occuping 92.55% of the total patients.There is no significant difference between teachers and students in clinic.The top three diseases are respiratory infections,trauma and skin diseases,taking 60.34%,18.99% and 10.43% respectively.The probability of disease is positively related with the highest air temperature of the practice base.The efficient measures to reduce the diseases of the teachers and students in the practice base are improving the environment of the practice base and modify the time of field practice.The team doctor also should put emphasis on the propaganda and prevention of respiratory infections,trauma and skin diseases,drug preparation should be related with the target diseases.