温尼科特过渡客体理论的发展线索

Winnicott's Theory of Transitional Objects:The Path of Its Development

温尼科特的"过渡客体-过渡现象-潜在空间"理论是继弗洛伊德和克莱因之后对人类本质的又一种表述,在精神分析领域影响深远。后继者们分别从个体发展的理论延展、领域多样化的延展,以及理论的整合与解析三个方向发展这一理论。个体发展的理论延伸到了青少年期以及成人期的正常与异常发展;多领域的延展体现在文学艺术领域的广泛应用,以及来自人类学实证研究的支持与批判;理论的整合与解析表现为多学科研究支撑的对于过渡现象功能与变迁的理论总结,以及奥格登对于"潜在空间"的现代解析。

＂Winnicott＇s theory of transitional objects-transitional phenomena-potential space is an alternative characterization of human nature after Freud and Klein and has exerted a profound influence in the field of psychoanalysis. His successors developed the theory in the following three directions： extension of the theory of individual development; trans-disciplinary studies; integration and analysis of different theories. The first extension covers both normal and abnormal developments in adolescents and adults; the second is embodied by the application of psychoanalysis in the fields of literature and arts and by the support and criticism from the empirical studies in anthropology; the theoretical integration and analysis has led to the theoretical summation of the trans-disciplinary studies on the function and evolution of transitional phenomena and to Ogden＇s contemporary interpretation of potential space.