农业种植业氮对水环境污染特征分析与控制对策——以广州市为例

Characteristics Analysis and Control Strategy of Nitrogen Pollution in Water Environment Based on Agricultural Planting——Taking Guangzhou as an Example

化肥是种植业中氮补给的主要方式,但由于施肥方法或用量不合理、肥料利用率较低等因素,造成流域水环境氮素超标普遍存在。本文在简述氮的形态特征及其在种植业系统中输入输出途径特征的基础上,以广州市为例分析种植业化肥及氮的施用及流失情况,分析了广州市部分水质监测断面氨氮浓度超标情况及对水生态的影响,提出农业种植业氮污染的控制对策,为氮素的合理利用和农业污染控制提供理论参考。

Chemical fertilizer is the main way of nitrogen supply in agricultural planting. However, due to fertilization methods or the amount of unreasonable, low utilization of fertilizer and other factors, resulting in excessive water nitrogen is widespread. Based on the brief analysis of the morphological characteristics of nitrogen and the characteristics of input and output in the planting system, this paper analyzed the application and loss of chemical fertilizers and nitrogen in Guangzhou. The situation of excessive ammonia nitrogen concentration and its effect on aquatic ecology in some water quality monitoring sections of Guangzhou is studied. This paper puts forward the control strategy of nitrogen pollution in agricultural planting, and provides the theoretical reference for the rational utilization of nitrogen and the control of agricultural pollution.