2015年国外肉牛饲料营养的研究进展

Aboard Research Progress on the Feed Application of Beef Cattle in 2015

为了全面了解肉牛饲料营养的最新研究进展,作者查阅并总结了2015年关于肉牛饲料营养的国外文献报道,主要从精饲料、粗饲料以及精、粗饲料搭配3个方面进行了综述。精饲料主要包括蛋白质饲料和能量饲料,其中蛋白质饲料的营养研究主要侧重于不同蛋白质饲料对肉牛消化性能、生产性能、酮体特性和肉质以及瘤胃发酵的影响;能量饲料的营养研究侧重于不同类型及加工工艺对肉牛的生产性能、胴体特性以及瘤胃发酵特性的影响;粗饲料的营养研究主要集中于粗料来源及粗料的加工工艺对肉牛生产性能和消化性能两个方面的影响。另外,对精、粗饲料的搭配比例对肉牛生产性能、胴体特性、瘤胃发酵以及采食行为的影响也进行了综述。通过总结和分析肉牛饲料营养的国外研究成果,为中国肉牛业的快速发展提供一定借鉴。

The objective of this review was to know the latest progress of feed application in beef cattle oversea.The foreign research results published in 2015 were summarized on feed application,including concentrate,roughage and the mix of concentrate and roughage.Concentrate contained mainly protein feed and energy feed.The studies about protein feed nutrition mainly focused on the effects of different types of protein feeds on digestive characteristics,performance,carcass characteristics,meat quality and rumen fermentation of beef cattle.The studies on energy feed nutrition focused on the effect of types and processing technics on performance,carcass characteristics and rumen fermentation of beef cattle.Moreover,the researches about roughage,which focused on types and processing technics,was discussed in the effects on performance and digestive characteristics of beef cattle.Finally,the studies on the mix of concentrate and roughage were summarized,which mainly focused on the effects of different ratio of concentrate and roughage on performance,carcass characteristics,rumen fermentation and intaking behaviour of beef cattle.These research results were summarized and analyzed in this review,which would provide some reference for rapid development of beef cattle industry in China.