阿尔兹海默病的血管病变研究进展

Research progress in vascular patho-damage of Alzheimer's disease

阿尔兹海默病(AD)的大脑存在Aβ大量沉积,表现为认识、学习和记忆能力障碍。体视学方法研究提示,大脑结构的完整性与AD早期的认知功能下降有密切联系,同时血管在对大脑结构完整性中发挥重要作用。大脑毛细血管起着调节大脑微环境、维持局部脑血流量的作用,而血管性因素对AD的发病和病程进展起着关键作用,甚至被认为是AD的发病机制之一。基于血管的病理改变在中枢神经系统的地位及对AD的重要作用,本文回顾了血管性危险因素、血管损伤机制和血管病变在AD中的研究进展。

There exist a large number of Aβ depositions in the brain of Alzheimer＇s disease （AD） . AD is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive cognitive and memory dysfunction. The cognitive decline in early stage of AD is closely related to the structure integrity in the brain. Capillaries play a vital role in regulating the brain microenvironment, maintaining regional cerebral blood flow. Vascular fac- tors play a key role in the pathogenesis and progression of AD. Researchers even considered the vascular factors as one of the pathogenesis of AD. Due to the important role of the vascular pathological changes in the central nervous system and the important role associated with the development of AD, this paper reviewed the research progress of the vascular risk factors, vascular damage mechanisms and vascular lesions in AD.