我国医疗卫生领域中的老年歧视:孝文化变迁视角下的解读

Ageism in Health Care in China: From the Perspective of Changes in Filial Piety Culture

当前我国医疗卫生领域中的老年歧视主要表现在人们对于老年人的医疗卫生问题存在偏见、老年人可用的医疗卫生资源不足、基本医疗保险制度对老年人不公三个方面。从文化的视角来看,老年歧视源于我国孝文化的变迁:一方面传统孝道日渐势微;另一方面孝文化呈现出一些新特征,这种变迁导致老年人被边缘化,最终造成了老年歧视。为了个体和社会的健康发展,必须消除医疗卫生领域中的老年歧视。为此,应将构建以家庭情感为纽带、以尊老为基本规范、强调代际公正的新型孝文化作为根本措施,同时采取一些更为直接的措施来改变人们对老年人的成见和打造公正的医疗卫生环境。

Negative ageism towards the elderly has emerged in health care in China, which mainly includes people have a prejudicial attitudes toward health care of the elderly, insufficient health care resources are available for the elderly, the basic medical insurance system of China is unfair to the elderly. From the perspective of culture, ageism originated from changes in filial piety. On one hand, traditional Chinese filial piety has been weakening. On the other hand, filial piety culture is showing some new features. These changes contributed to the marginalization of the elderly, which led to negative ageism towards the elderly finally. In order to realize healthy development of individuals and country, negative ageism towards the elderly must be eliminated. Therefore, new Chinese filial piety culture which emphasizes family affection, respecting the elderly and intergenera- tional justice should be constructed as a fundamental measure. At the same time, some more direct measures should be taken to change prejudicial attitude toward the elderly and create judicial health care environment.