中老年人邻里建成环境的感知与体力活动的关系

Relationship Between Perceived Neighborhood Built Environment and Physical Activities of the Elderly

目的:邻里建成环境与体力活动之间的关系越来越受到研究者关注,国内针对中老年群体体力活动与建成环境之间关系的研究还比较少,本研究想了解中老年人对邻里建成环境的感知特征及邻里建成环境对中老年人体力活动的影响。方法:对沈阳市245名中老年人(男性124人),进行人居环境适宜步行量表的调查和体力活动的情况调查。运用逻辑回归分析中老年人邻里建成环境感知与日常可能的体力活动之间的关系。结果:研究结果发现沈阳市邻里建成环境中环境美化情况(OR=0.424,95%CIs 0.228-0.790,P<0.01)、交通安全(OR=1.470,95%CIs 0.938-2.304,P<0.05)和治安安全情况(OR=3.498,95%CIs 1.712-7.147,P<0.01)与中老年人的体力活动存在联系。较好的环境美化情况、交通安全和良好的治安有利于中老年人的出行和体力活动量的增加。结论:邻里建成环境中的美化情况、交通安全和治安情况对中老年人的体力活动有影响,揭示邻里建成环境对中老年人参与体育活动的重要性。

Objective： The association of neighborhood built environment with physical activities has received growing atten- tion, and few studies have examined the relation between built environment and physical activities among older adults, so the authors want to understand the characteristics of the percieved neighborhood built environment and its effect on the physical activity in the elderly. Method：Questionnaires were used to collect data on perceived built environment and physi- cal activities of 245 elderly of Shenyang city. Logistic regression analyses were applied to examine the relationships be- tween perceived neighborhood built environmental factors and the dally physical activities of elderly people. Result： We found that aesthetics was positively associated with high levels of physical activities（ OR = 0.424,95% CIs 0.228 -0.790, P 〈 0. 01 ）. The good traffic safety and crime safety were positively associated with high levels of physical activities （ OR = 1. 470,95 % CIs 0.938 - 2.304, P 〈 0. 05 ; OR = 3. 498,95 % CIs 1.712 - 7. 147, P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusion： Current findings suggest that the aesthetics, good traffic safety, and crime safety of neighborhood built environment might promote physical activities of the elderly. Neighborhood built environment has a positive influence on physical activities of elderly adults.