糖尿病个体化医疗的研究进展

Progress of personalized medicines of diabetes mellitus

糖尿病领域的个体化医疗是在传统医学基础上结合基因组学、生物学标志检测等对糖尿病进行精确诊断和分层并指导治疗.基因检测可明确单基因突变糖尿病的病因如青少年起病的成人型糖尿病（MODY）、新生儿糖尿病（NDM）、线粒体基因突变糖尿病.应用生物学标志物如胰岛素抗体、C肽等可指导糖尿病精确分层并评估预后.而细胞色素P450 2C9 （CYP2C9）、有机阳离子转运蛋白（OCTs）、过氧化物酶体增殖物活化受体γ（PPARγ）相关基因变异对降糖药物的影响为患者选择降糖方案提供了参考.虽然个体化医疗在糖尿病领域还不能达到精确诊断及治疗,但未来将成为糖尿病领域的发展新趋势.

Personalized medicine in the field of diabetes which based on the combination of traditional medicine,genomics and biological markers,means the precise diagnosis and guidance for the treatment of diabetes.Genetic testing could identify monogenetic diabetes,such as maturity-onset diabetes of the young （MODY）,neonatal diabetes mellitus （NDM） and mitochondrial gene mutation diabetes.Biological markers such as insulin antibody and C peptide contribute to the accurate stratification and prognosis evaluation of diabetes.And the effect of cytochrome P450 2C9,organic cation transporters and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ related gene polymorphism provide reference for the choice of hypoglycemic treatment.Although personalized medicine in the field of diabetes can not be accurate diagnosis and treatment,it will become a new trend in the future.