深圳坝光国际生物谷规划区域生态状况与保护策略研究(上篇)——坝光区域陆地植被生态学特征

Study on Ecological Situation and Protecting Strategy of the Planning Area of Baguang International Bio Valley, Shenzhen, China(Ⅰ):the Ecological Characteristics of Terrestrial Vegetation of Baguang

本文对深圳市大棚新区坝光区域开展了陆地植被的生态学特征研究,在对25个植物群落的研究中,测定植物的高度、冠幅、盖度、胸径、频度等指标,统计分析植物的丰富度、乔木层总平均株高以及平均胸径,各群落不同层次的盖度、总盖度等指标。结果表明:深圳市坝光区域的极大多数植物群落的丰富度指数值相当高,生物多样性水平高,群落的结构良好,乔木、灌木和草本层植物发育很好,各层次的盖度及总盖度值很高,许多群落达到450%~600%;而乔木的高度值大,比其他较多地区保护良好的公园和较长期受到保护的自然林的高度值要高,且胸径值普遍高,比许多地区公园里大树的值要高。而且,坝光区域植物群落的典型特点是,在各群落里,大树、老树和古树众多,尤其是100年至200年之间的古树明显多,造型古朴典雅,与其他的大树及灌木、草本植物等组合,构成很茂密、优美的景观及良好的生态系统格局。以上研究结果为深圳市在建设"坝光国际生物谷"的规划、建设和运行过程中在保护当地生态系统结构和景观,使经济运行与生态保护能因地制宜地很好的有机结合建成"生态型经济园区"方面提供了理论依据,也为其他地区在经济园区开发建设方面如何能最大限度地保护当地原生态,建成"绿色生态宜居园区"方面,以及植被生态学研究等方面提供理论依据和决策参考。

This paper elaborated the study contents on ecological characteristics of terrestrial vegetation of Baguang area of Shenzhen,China. In the study of 25 communities,we determinated plant height,crown width,coverage,DBH （diameter at breast height）,frequency and other indices;the plant richness,the average plant height and DBH of the tree,and the coverage and total coverage of the different communities were statistically analyzed. The results showed that the plant richness of most communities in Baguang area of Shenzhen is quite high,the plants of trees,shrubs and herb layers grow well,the coverage and total coverage of each layer are greatly high and the value of most communities reach 450% to 600%. Especially,the plant height is generally higher than that of protected-well parks and long-term protected natural forest in other regions.And the value of DBH is also much higher than that of the larger trees in parks of other regions. Moreover,the typical characteristics of the plant communities in Baguang area are that there are many large and old trees in these communities,especially the trees between 100 and 200 years old.These classically elegant and ancient old trees with other trees,shurbs and herbs constituted a dense,beautiful landscape and good ecological system.