全面小康的内涵及评价指标体系构建

Connotation of Well-off Society in All Respects and Evaluation Index System

小康、总体小康、全面小康是三个既相互联系、又相互区别的概念。小康是一个生活水平的概念,总体小康指社会平均生活水平达到小康水准,适宜于用人均收入或人均消费指标进行测度,而全面小康指绝大部分社会成员都能达到小康生活水准,因此不宜用人均指标,而宜用贫困发生率来测度。小康具有历史性,全面小康与共同富裕、现代化是三个不同的概念,不应将全面小康看作是现代化的必经或前期阶段,全面小康也并不必然意味着共同富裕。现代社会人口迁移流动的增多意味着全面小康的整体性与区域关联性,因而"率先实现全面小康"的科学性令人生疑。全面小康研究中的突出问题是:全面小康内涵的无限扩张、评价指标体系庞杂、理想化情结驱使下的乌托邦化,而全面小康测度指标与衡量标准因地而异,不利于城乡与区域的均衡发展。

Well-off society, overall well-off society, and well-off society in all respects are three different yet interconnected concepts. The well-off society is a concept of a standard of living, the overall well-off society means that the average living standard of the society achieves a well-off standard and should be measured using per capita income or per capita consumption, but the well-off society in all respects indicates that the vast majority of members of society can achieve a well-off living standard, so it is appropriate to evaluate it with incidence of poverty rather than the per capita indicators. Well-off society is historical, well-off society in all respects, common prosperity, and modernization are three different concepts; well-off society in all respects should not be considered as a pre-stage of modernization, and does not necessarily mean common prosperity The increase in population migration in modern society reveals the overall nature of well-off society as well as its relations with regions, so the scientific nature of ＂take the initiative to build a well-off society in all respects＂ is suspicious. The outstanding problems in the study of well-off society include the infinite expansion of the connotation of well-off society in all respects, its complex evaluation index system, and utopian inclination resulted from an idealistic complex, and as the evaluation indicators and standards vary from place to place, it is not conducive to the balanced development of urban and rural areas.