四肢创伤骨折患者急性疼痛的护理管理分析

Analysis of Nursing Management of Acute Pains of Patients with Extremity Trauma Fracture

目的探讨四肢创伤骨折患者急性疼痛的护理管理措施。方法该院在2014年10月成立疼痛护理小组,其中包括主任1名,医生3名,护理部门主任1名,护士长1名,护理成员2名,以此开展疼痛管理工作。对该科室在2010—2012年的护理管理效果进行调查,在培训学习之后对该科室在2014年10月—2015年10月期间前来该科室治疗的四肢单处骨折106例患者进行调查问卷,对患者根骨骨折术后疼痛评分、掌骨、下肢、上肢的评分进行记录。将106例患者平均分为研究组(n=53)和对照组(n=53),对照组采用小组成立前实施护理管理措施(健康教育),研究组患者用责任护士对患者与家属实施的"一对二"个性化疼痛教育模式,对比分析两组患者术后对疼痛控制的满意度、术后24、48、72 h的疼痛度评分。结果研究组患者疼痛程度评分显著高于对照组,且对疼痛控制的满意度显著优于对照组,两组之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论该科室成立疼痛护理小组后,护理模式从原来的保守向多模式过渡,在对106例患者进行分组,行不同的护理措施后,发现:"一对二"个性化疼痛教育模式的护理效果明显高于成立护理小组之前应用单纯健康教育模式,能够有效改善患者对疼痛控制的满意度,且增加了患者实施疼痛自我管理的意识,由此可见,护理小组在培训之后,行多模式护理措施能够有效改善患者的生活质量,维持身心健康。

Objective To study the nursing management measures of acute pains of patients with extremity trauma fracture. Methods The pains nursing group was established in our hospital in October 2014, including 1 direct and 3 doctors, 1 di-rect in the department of nursing and 1 head nurse and 2 nursing staff, and the pain management work was conducted on this basis, and the nursing management effect was surveyed in our department from 2010 to 2012, after the training study, 106 cases of patients with extremity trauma fracture treated in our department from October 2014 to October 2015 were surveyed by the questionnaire, and the pain scores after the intra-articular calcaneal fractures operation, metacarpus, upper and lower limbs scores of patients were recorded, and 106 cases were divided into two groups were divided into two groups with 53 cases in each, the control group adopted the health education before the establishment of the group, while the re-search group adopted the one-to-two individual pain education model, and the satisfactory degree of pains control after op-eration and pains scores in 24 h, 48 h and 72 h after operation were compared between the two groups. Results The pains degree score in the research group was obviously higher than that in the control group, and the satisfactory degree of pains control was obviously better than that in the control group, and the differences between groups were obvious with statistical significance（ P〈0.05）. Conclusion The nursing model changes from primary conservative model to multiple models after the establishment of pain nursing group, and the nursing effect of one-to-two individual pain education model is obviously higher than that in the control group, which can effectively improve the satisfactory degree to the pains control and increase the pain self-management awareness, therefore, the multiple model nursing measures can effectively improve the quality of life and maintain the mental and physical health after the training of nursing group.