沿海经济发达地区土地利用转移特征及驱动因素——以深圳市南山区为例

Characteristics and Driving Factors of Land Use Transfer in Economically Developed Coastal Regions——A Case of Nanshan District, Shenzhen

土地利用/土地覆被变化是研究全球环境变化的重要基础。近二十年来,深圳市南山区土地利用变化明显,分析其土地利用变化驱动因素,对于研究沿海经济发达城市的土地利用变化和可持续发展具有重要意义。本文利用Landsat遥感影像数据和社会经济统计数据,使用土地利用转移矩阵模型分析研究区1996-2016年土地利用变化特征和转移特征,并探究其变化原因。结果表明,建设用地呈现持续增长的趋势,主要来源于水体、未利用地、耕地和林地的转入,但在后十年速度放缓,耕地、园地、水体、未利用地面积呈递减趋势;建设用地是土地利用变化最明显的土地类型,其驱动因素主要受到经济、人口、政策的综合影响,形成了当前南山区的土地利用格局。

Land use/cover change is an important basis for the study of global environment change. In recent 20 years, land use change is obvious in Nanshan district, Shenzhen. It is of great significance to analyze the driving factors of land use change to study the land use change and sustainable development of economically developed coastal cities. Using the data of Landsat and social economic statistical data, this paper analyzes land use change characteristics and transfer characteristics by means of land use transfer matrix model in study area in 1996-2016. The results indicated that construction land showed a trend of sustained growth and the increase of construction land is mainly based on the water body, unused land, cultivated land and forest land, but at a slower rate of ten years after. Cultivated land, garden land, water body, unused land area showed a decreasing trend.Construction land is the most obvious type of land use change and the land use pattern in Nanshan district was generated.