适用于生物安全三级实验室的口罩的适合性影响因素

Factors affecting the fit of respirators in the biosafety level 3 laboratory

目的 检验生物安全三级实验室（BSL-3）经常使用的2种防护型口罩（3M9332、3M1860）对于工作人员的适合性,确保其能够佩戴适合自己脸型的防护口罩,保障在实验过程中得到切实有效的保护,从而降低其在操作高危病原微生物过程中感染的风险.方法 使用口罩密合度检测仪器TSI PortaCountPro＋ 8038,检测工作人员佩戴3M9332、3M1860 2种型号口罩的适合性.并对适合性检测过程中的性别、年龄、口罩形状等影响因素进行评价,对人群在完成指定动作中的适合性因子（FF）进行统计学分析.结果 62人参加测试,其中45人通过3M9332型口罩,通过率为72.58%,仅6人通过3M1860型口罩,通过率为9.67%.对两种不同型号的口罩的通过率进行统计学分析,P=0.000.指定动作中深呼吸、左右转头、仰头-低头、大声说话、弯腰的P值分别为0.094、0.076、0.542、0.000、0.000.结论 口罩的型号对口罩适合性有显著影响,而性别、年龄不是影响其适合性检测的因素.并且在实验室过程中,应尽量避免多余的动作,尤其是大声说话和弯腰,从而降低口罩漏气的风险.

Objective To test the performance of two kinds of protective respirators （3M9332, 3M1860） used in Biosafety Level 3 Laboratory （BSL-3） to ensure whether it can fit well in different populations in order to reduce the risk of infection in the process of operating high-risk pathogenic microorganisms.Methods Using a 8038PortaCount（R） Pro＋ respirator fit tester to examine the fitness of personnel wear 3M 1860 N95 and 9332 N99 respirators.The influence factors such as gender, age, shape of respirator were evaluated.Statistical analysis was performed by the fit factor（FF） of assigned actions.Results A total of 62 people conducted the respirator fit test, of which 45 people passed the test of 3M9332 respirators, the pass rate was 72.58%;only 6 people passed the test of 3M1860 respirators, the pass rate was 9.67%.The pass rate of two different types of respirators was analyzed statistically, P=0.000.The P value of assigned actions in deep breathing, head side to side, head up and down, talking, bending over were respectively 0.094, 0.076, 0.542, 0.000, 0.000.Conclusions The experimental results showed that the type of respirator had a significant effect on respirator fit in this study, but gender and age had no significant effect on factors.As to reduce the risk of leakage of the respirator, redundant actions should try to be avoided, especially loud talking and bending in the course of the experiment.