密度对高蛋白大豆生长动态及产量的影响

Effect of Plant Density on Growth Tendency and Yield of High Protein Soybean

为揭示黄淮海地区高蛋白大豆生长动态及产量的影响,以冀豆21为材料,研究了不同种植密度(16.5万、19.5万、22.5万、25.5万株·hm^(-2))下,高蛋白大豆不同生育期株高、叶面积指数、干物质积累分配等指标生长动态及产量的影响。结果表明:随生育期延长和密度水平增大,株高和叶面积指数均呈上升趋势,均在鼓粒期达到最大;单株及各器官干物质积累量均随密度增加而减小;群体及各器官干物质积累量随密度增加先升高后降低,鼓粒期达到峰值,鼓粒期以后开始下降,以密度22.5万株·hm^(-2)处理最大;单株及群体积累的干物质前期主要用于营养器官生长,后期主要分配给生殖器官;群体植株产量随密度水平增大先增加后减小,当密度为22.5万株·hm^(-2)时,群体产量最高,为3 726.67 kg·hm^(-2)。

In order to explore the effect of plant density on growth tendency and yield of high protein soybean in Huang-Huai- Hai region, the changing trends of plant height, leaf area index （ LAI）, dry matter accumulation and distribution, and yield of high protein soybean （Jidou 21 ） with different growing stages and densities were studied in this experiment. The result showed that with the growing period and density rised, the plant height and LAI increased, which reached the highest at seed filling period. The dry matter accumulation of single plant and that in different organs were all decreased with the increase of densi- ty, but that of group stage were increased firstly and then decreased, which reached its peak value with 2. 25 × 10^5 plants.ha-1 at seed filling period, and then reduced after seed filling period. The distribution of dry matter was mainly used for vegetative growth at early stage, later transferred to reproductive growth. The yield of group plants also increased firstly and then de- creased, the comprehensive performance of 2. 25 × 10^5 plants.ha-1 was the best, with the yield of 3 726. 67 kg.ha-1.