新型复合型生物种衣剂SN102田间防效研究

Evaluation of Novel Microbial Complex Seed-coating Agent SN102 for Disease Control and Yield Improvement in Soybean Field

为了安全有效地解决大豆苗期根部多种病害复合侵染的问题,利用微生物多样性及诱导抗病性理论,在辽宁省沈阳康平基地与黑龙江大庆基地,对新研发的一种兼抗大豆胞囊线虫与根腐病的新型复合型生物种衣剂SN102进行了为期2年的田间防治效果验证试验。生物种衣剂SN102是由本实验室自主研发,由巨大芽孢杆菌(Bacillus megaterium)Sneb482、简单芽孢杆菌(Bacillus simplex)Sneb545、费氏中华根瘤菌(Sinorhizobium fredii)Sneb183和产黄青霉菌(Penicillium chrysogenum)Snef805 4株生防菌株作为有效活性物质组合混配制成。结果表明:SN102对大豆幼苗生长有一定的促进作用,两年的平均胞囊抑制率分别为37.80%(康平)和28.95%(大庆),对大豆幼苗根腐病的平均防效分别为16.31%(康平)和29.57%(大庆),同时对大豆的平均增产率分别达到21.10%(康平)和12.36%(大庆)。SN102在不同地域的防病增产效果较稳定,具有很高的实际应用价值和开发潜力。

Soybean cyst nematode and root rot disease are two economically important soil-borne diseases in the northeast of China. In order to alleviate the incidence of these diseases during seedling stage, we designed a novel biological seed-coating agent SN102 by mixing the fermentation filtrate of Bacillus megaterium Sneb482, B. simplex Sneb545, Sinorhizobium fredii Sneb183 and Penicillium chrysogenum SnefS05 with additives. Then we evaluated its effectiveness in the greenhouse and soy- bean fields of Kangping county in Liaoning province and Daqing city in Heilongjiang province, China in 2015 and in 2016. The result showed that SN102 was able to promote soybean growth during seedling stage. Application of SN102 inhibited the incidence of soybean cyst nematode by 37.80% at Kangping and by 28.95% at Daqing, and also of root rot disease by 16. 31% at Kangping and by 29. 57% at Daqing over two years. As a result, the average yield of soybean was increased by 21.10% at Kangping and by 12. 36% at Daqing in two years. The encouraging effect of SN102 on biological control suggested that it had the potential to be applied widely in the soybean field in the future.