川西高原苹果主要虫害种类、发生规律及防控技术

Occurrence Rules and Integrated Control Techniques of Major Insects on Apple in West Sichuan Plateau

2011—2016年,采用定点观察和实地调查的方式,对川西高原苹果主要虫害的种类及发生规律进行调查,并揭示桃小食心虫、苹果棉蚜、山楂叶螨等关键虫害的发生规律,以期为提高苹果的产量与品质提供可靠的科学依据。结果表明:为害川西高原苹果的虫害种类较多有70种,其中鳞翅目36种,鞘翅目19种;食心虫类、蚜虫类、螨类为害严重。同时,明确了关键虫害发生规律,桃小食心虫5月中下旬至6月中旬进入成虫羽化期,高峰期在7月初;棉蚜有2次高峰,分别在5月下旬至7月下旬和10月上旬;山楂叶螨有2个高峰期,5—6月和7—8月,适宜的温度、降雨能加重各虫害的发生,高温、高湿能够抑制其发生。并在此基础上提出了主要虫害综合防控技术措施。

During 2011 to 2016, major insect of apple in west Sichuan plateau was investigated via regular observation, field survey and discussions, and revealed the Carposina niponensis, apple aphid, occurrence of hawthorn mites and other key pests disease, so as to provide reliably scientific basis for improving the yield and quality of apple. The results showed that there were 70 kinds of insects, including 36 kinds of Lepidoptera, 19 kinds of Coleopteran. Budworm class,Phytophthira and mite had severe damage. At the same time, the rules of the occurrence of the key pests,Carposina niponensis entered the adult emergence period from mid to late May to mid June,the peak in early July; cotton aphid had two peaks, respectively from late May to late July and early October. T. viennensis there were two peaks of May to June and July to August, suitable temperature, rainfall could aggravate the occurrence of pest, high temperature. High humidity could inhibit the occurrence. On the basis of the above, this research put forward the integrated pest control measures.