适应体育运动干预对孤独症谱系障碍儿童视觉工作记忆的影响

Effects of Adapted Physical Exercise Intervention on Visual Working Memory in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童的一个关键缺陷在于工作记忆。因此,本研究的目的在于讨论ASD儿童经过适应体育(APE)运动干预后,工作记忆能力是否能得到改善。采用视觉工作记忆的电脑程序进行测试,采用实验前后的被试间设计,测试适应体育运动干预对ASD儿童视觉工作记忆能力的影响。研究结果显示:1)APE干预可以显著改善ASD个体视觉工作记忆任务表现和视觉工作记忆能力。研究结果证实APE运动干预的有效性。适应体育运功干预可作为对于低工作记忆能力的、存在发展障碍的ASD个体的补救干预措施。2)复杂球类技能运动干预可以改善ASD个体视觉工作记忆能力。3)未来的研究应根据不同群体的认知特征,针对适应体育的学科特征,发展更多有效的运动干预内容和干预方法,手段。

A key area of weakness in children with autism spectrum disorders （ASD） is working memory （WM）, therefore, the purpose of this research was to discuss whether the visual working memory （VWM） of children with autism spectrum disorder （ASD） can be improved after adapted physical education intervention. In the present study, we used a computer working memory test and evaluated the influence of adapted physical exercise intervention with Pre- and Posttest betweensubjects design. The result showed that 1） the Adapted PE. Intervention significantly improved performance on a VWM task. The results demonstrated that performance of children with ASD on VWM tasks can be effectively improved by adapted physical exercise intervention. The result in the research suggest that APE could be as a remediating in intervention for individuals for whom low WM capacity and developmental challenge are limiting factor for ASD individuals. 2） It has emphasized that complex ball skill intervention could improve VWM capacity of individuals with ASD. 3） In the future research, based on cognitive characteristics among different population, more effective APE intervention contents and methods need to be developed.