防治胡椒瘟病生物农药筛选及其盆栽药效试验

Efficiencies of 5 Bio-fungicides Against Phytophthora Foot Rot Disease in Black Pepper

胡椒瘟病是危害中国胡椒产业的首要病害,目前主要依赖使用化学农药防治,筛选应用生物农药是减少化学农药用量的有效途径。本文通过室内毒力测定和室外盆栽药效试验,测定了5种生物农药对胡椒瘟病的防治效果。结果表明:室内毒力测定木霉菌WP、枯草芽孢杆菌WP和Z菌株发酵液对胡椒瘟病病原菌的抑菌效果好且敏感性高,EC50分别为0.49、0.78、1.13μg/m L;盆栽药效试验Z菌株发酵液和枯草芽孢杆菌WP对胡椒瘟病防效最好,平均防效分别为83%和82%,芽孢杆菌/淡紫拟青霉WP的防效次之,平均防效为69%。综合来看,Z菌株发酵液和枯草芽孢杆菌WP对胡椒瘟病具有很好防效,具备良好的绿色防控潜力。

Phytophthora foot rot disease is a destructive disease and responsible for severe economic losses in black pepper production throughout the world. In China, agroehemicals are often used to control the disease, which is negatively perceived by consumers and increasingly banned by governmental policies. The use of bio- fungicides to control diseases is an environment-friendly approach. The bio-control efficiencies of 5 bio-fungicides against Phytophthora foot rot disease were determined by the dural culture method on PDA plates and potted plant test in this study. Trichoderma WP, Bacillus subtilis WP and B. subtilis Z culture were found potent in the pathogen growth inhibition with the ECso values of 0.49 μg/mL, 0.78 μg/mL and 1.13μg/mL, respectively. However, B. subtilis WP and B. subtilis Z culture exhibited excellent bio-control efficieneies （83% and 82% respectively）, the after bio-fungicide, Paeeilomyees lilacinus WP, showed an efficiency of 69%. In conclusion, B. subtilis WP and B. subtilis Z culture are potent bio-fungicides, their application might help in forming the green agriculture of black pepper.