眼科门诊早产儿父母心理弹性与焦虑抑郁、应对方式及社会支持的相关性研究

Study on correlation between psychological resilience, axiety, depression, coping styles and social supports among parents of preterm infants of ophthalmic clinic

目的探讨眼科门诊早产儿父母心理弹性、焦虑抑郁、应对方式及社会支持的情况，并分析心理弹性与焦虑抑郁、应对方式及社会支持的相关性。方法采用便利抽样方法抽取217名在眼科门诊接受早产儿视网膜病变眼底筛查的早产儿的父亲或母亲，应用一般资料调查表、Connor—Davidson心理弹性量表、焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表、社会支持评定量表及简易应对方式量表进行调查。结果受调查的217名早产儿父母心理弹性总分为（67．48±14．20）分，积极应对维度平均分为（1．98±0．50）分，消极应对维度平均分为（1．19±0．55）分，社会支持得分为（42．75±6．17）分，焦虑、抑郁得分分别为（36．77±8．17）、（39．67±9．02）分；心理弹性和焦虑、抑郁程度呈负相关（r=0．367～-0．242，P〈0．01），心理弹性与社会支持程度、应对方式呈正相关（r=0.141～0．312，P〈0．05或0．01）；多因素线性回归分析显示抑郁和应对方式是心理弹性的影响因素（t=-4．376、2．516，P〈0．01或0．05）。结论早产儿父母心理弹性水平一般，存在焦虑抑郁等负性情绪，且对社会支持利用度不够。抑郁和应对方式是影响父母心理弹性的重要因素，护士应对前来接受眼底筛查患儿的父母进行心理状况的评估，采取相应的措施缓解压力，引导父母有效地利用社会支持，改善其心理状况。

Objective To explore psychological resilience, anxiety, depression, coping styles and social supports status among parents of preterm infants of ophthalmic clinic, and analyze their relationship. Methods A total of 217 parents of preterm infants at ophthalmic clinic of hospital were selected by convenience sampling method and investigated by self-designed general information questionnaire, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, Self-rating Anxiety Scale, Self-rating Depression Scale, Social Support Rating Scale, and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire. Results The total score of psychological resilience was （67.48±14.20） points. The average score of positive coping styles dimension was （1.98±0.50） points, and negative coping style dimension score was （1.19±0.55） points. The social support score was moderate with a total score of （42.75±6.17） points, the anxiety and depression got a total score of （36.77 ±8.17） points and （39.67±9.02） points respectively. Psychological resilience was negatively correlated with anxiety and depression （r=-0.363--0.242, P〈0.01）, and was positively correlated with coping styles and the social support （r=0.141-0.312, P〈0.05 or 0.01）. Multi-factor linear regression analysis showed that depression and social support were the influence factors of psychological resilience（t=-4.376, 2.516, P〈0.01 or 0.05）. Conclusions The parents of preterm infants are at the poor psychological states. Coping styles and depression are the important factors which affect psychological resilience among parents of preterm infants. Nurses should assess the psychological status of the parents, provide targeted interventions to relieve stress, guide the parents use social support effectively, and improve their psychological state.