老年性食管癌术后淋巴结转移的相关因素分析

目的探讨老年性食管癌患者（年龄〉60岁）淋巴结转移的相关因素及其分析。方法回顾性分析2010年1月至2016年1月手术治疗的82例老年性食管癌患者的临床资料。结果82例食管癌手术患者，共清扫淋巴结数1358枚，其中阳性淋巴结数为210枚，比例为15．5％，术后病理证实有阳性淋巴结转移患者46例（56．2％）。单因素分析显示肿瘤浸润深度、病变长度和肿瘤分化程度不同对淋巴结转移率有显著影响（P〈0．05）。性别、年龄、病变部位以及手术方式不同对淋巴结转移率的影响无显著影响（P〉0．05）。Logistic多因素回归分析显示，肿瘤浸润深度和分化程度是判断淋巴结转移的独立因素。结论在老年性食管癌患者中，肿瘤浸润越深，分化程度越低，淋巴结转移率越高。

Objective To observe the relative factors of lymphatic metastases from carcinoma of the esophagectomy patients （ ages〉60 ） and analyze the distribution rule of lymph node metastasis. Methods The clinical data of 82 elderly patients with esophageal carcinoma treated in our hospital from January 2010 to January 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Results In 82 patients, a total of 1358 lymph nodes were dissected, of which the number of positive lymph nodes was 210, the proportion was 15.5%, 46 cases （ 56.1% ） with positive lymph node metastasis were confirmed after operation. Univariate analysis showed that there was a significant difference in the rate of lymph node metastasis （ ,~〈0.05 ） , the depth of tumor invasion, the length of the lesion and the degree of tumor differentiation. There was no significant difference in the effect of sex, age, location of lesion and operation mode on the rate of lymph node metastasis （ P〉0.05 ） . Logistic multiple regression analysis showed that the depth of tumor invasion and the degree of differentiation were independent factors to determine lymph node metastasis. Conclusion In elderly patients with esophageal cancer, the deeper of tumor invasion, the lower the degree of differentiation and the higher the rate of lymph node metastasis.