船舶压载水浮游生物检测方法研究进展

Advances in Detection of Plankton in Ballast Water

船舶压载水所带来的生物入侵是海洋生态环境安全所面临的重要问题,其中浮游生物的检测尤为重要也较为困难。文章介绍了目前国际主要的几种检测方法:显微镜检测法,叶绿素a检测法,流式细胞仪检测法,流式影像术检测法。在介绍了这些方法具体使用方式以及使用特点的基础上,重点探讨了这4种检测方法在压载水检测中,尤其是应用在排放的压载水存活水生物浓度检测中时存在的问题。并通过讨论岸基和船基检测的差异,对压载水浮游生物检测方法的研究进行了展望。

This paper reviewed the technical progress in detection and identification of planktons in ballast water which is liable to cause biological intrusion. The major monitoring methods applied at present for detecting （incl. checking and counting） plankton were described, which involve microscopy, chlorophyll a detection, flow cytometry assay and flow image technique, and the problems in application of these methods were analyzed, particularly in detecting the viable organism concentration of the discharged ballast water. Moreover, further research needed on plankton detection in ballast water was prospected taking into account of the difference between the shore-based detection and boats-based plankton detection.