广西1～6岁HIV感染母亲分娩的非HIV感染儿童贫血状况及相关因素分析

Anemia status and risk factors of HIV-negative children born to HIV-positive mothers in Guangxi from 1 to 6 years old

目的:了解广西1~6岁艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染母亲分娩的非HIV感染儿童贫血状况,并探讨其影响因素。方法:应用现况调查研究方法,选取来自广西南宁、梧州、贺州等13个城市共292例HIV感染母亲分娩的非HIV感染儿童为观察组,同时选取98例非HIV感染母亲分娩的儿童作为对照组。测定两组血红蛋白(Hb)水平,多因素Logistic回归分析非HIV感染儿童发生贫血的危险因素。结果:观察组Hb为(118.34±0.55)g/L,贫血发生率为18.15%(53/292),对照组Hb为(123.83±0.98)g/L,贫血发生率为5.10%(5/98),观察组Hb水平明显低于对照组(P<0.01),贫血发生率明显高于对照组(P<0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示:儿童出生体重和母亲感染HIV是儿童贫血的独立危险因素(P<0.05),观察组儿童发生贫血的风险是对照组的4.00倍(OR=4.00,95%CI1.37~11.47,P<0.05);体重每增加1kg,其发生贫血的风险降低15%(OR=0.85,95%CI0.75~0.97,P<0.05)。结论:HIV感染母亲分娩的非HIV感染儿童是发生贫血的高危人群,可能与其体重偏低有关,存在潜在营养不良的风险。

Objective： To explore the anemia status and the risk factors for HIV-negative children born to HIV-positive mothers in Guangxi from 1 to 6 years old. Methods： In this cross-sectional survey, a questionnaire was made. The hemoglobin （Hb） were measured and the diagnosis criteria for anemia was HbG110 g/L. A total of 292 HIV-negative children born to HIV-positive mothers （observation group） and 98 cases born to HIV-negative mothers （control group） were analyzed. Results： The average Hb level in the observation group was lower than that in the control group [（118. 34±0. 55） g/L vs. （123.83±0. 98） g/L, P〈0. 01]. The prevalence of anemia in the observation group and the control group were 18.15%（53/292） and 5.10% （5/98） respectively. Anemia was more obvious in the toddlerhood. The risk of anemia in the observation group was 3 times higher than that in the control group （Or=4.00, 95% CI 1.37-11.47, P G0.05） after correction of age, sexuality, economic status and other factors. The prevalence of anemia was reduced by 0.85 times with the weight increase by 1 kg （Or=0. 85, 95% CI 0. 75-0. 97, P〈0. 05）. Conclusion： HIV-negative children born to HIV-positive mothers are at high risk of anemia and possibly potential risk of malnutrition associated with low birth weight.