炮天雄传统炮制过程中微生物的分离与初步鉴定

Identification and Isolation of Microorganisms from Processed Aconitum Carmichnaeli Samples during Its Processing

目的:揭示炮天雄传统炮制过程中的微生物菌群。方法:应用经典微生物分离纯化方法,结合形态学考察和16S rDNA或18S rDNA基因序列分析,对炮天雄传统炮制过程中样品进行微生物的分离及菌种初步分类鉴定。结果:共分离获得细菌14株、酵母菌11株、丝状真菌2株。14种细菌分别为克雷伯氏菌属菌、肠杆菌属菌、节杆菌属、蜡样芽孢杆菌、短小芽孢杆菌、形赖氨酸芽孢杆菌、伯格菌属、短黄杆菌、棒状杆菌属、嗜盐球菌、巨大芽孢杆菌、植物乳杆菌、乳酸乳球菌、食窦魏斯式菌;11种酵母菌分别为浅白色隐球酵母菌、胶红酵母菌、葡萄牙棒孢酵母、热带念珠菌、克鲁维毕赤酵母、毛孢子菌属菌、半乳糖霉菌、地丝菌属、巴氏毕赤酵母、假丝酵母属、白地霉菌;2种丝状真菌分别为产黄青霉菌、卷枝毛霉菌。结论:炮天雄传统发酵炮制工艺涉及多种微生物共同参与发酵过程,这一发现为研究炮天雄现代炮制工艺奠定了微生物菌种基础。

Objective： To reveal the beneficial microorganisms in Processed Aconitum Carmichnaeli during its pro- cessing by traditional fermented methods. Methods： By classical microbial isolation and purification methods, the strains in Processed Aconitum Carmichnaeli samples were isolated and purified. The preliminary taxonomy of the strains isolated was car- ried out by investigating the morphological properties, analyzing and comparing their 16S rDNA or 18S rDNA gene sequences. Results： 14 species of bacteria, 11 species of yeasts and 2 species of filamentous fungi were isolated and identified in Pro- cessed Aconitum Carmichnaeli samples. The bacteria included Klebsiella spp. , Escherichia coli, Arthrobacter spp. , Bacillus cereus, Bacillus pumilus, Lysinibacillus fusiformis, Bergeyella sp. Empedobacter brevis, Corynebacterium sp, Salinicoccus his- panicus, Bacillus meqaterium partial, Weissella cibaria, LactobaciUus plantarum, Lactococcus lactis. The yeasts included Corynebacterium bovis, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, Clavispora lusitaniae, Candida tropicalis, Pichia kluyveri, Trichosporon spp., Galactomyces geotrichum, Geotrichum spp., Pichia barkeri, Candida athensensis spp. , Geotrichum candidum, and the fungi are Penicillium chrysogenum and Mucor circinelloides. Conelusion： Many species of microorganisms exist in Processed Aconitum Carmichnaeli samples during its processing, which help to reconstruct modern fermentation technology of Processed Aconitum Carmichnaeli.