唐山市某医院护理人员下背痛流行情况及影响因素

Prevalence and influencing factors of low back pain among nurses in a hospital in Tangshan City

[目的]探讨唐山市某医院护理人员下背痛患病情况及可能的影响因素。[方法]采用现况研究方法,对唐山市某医院护理人员一般人口学信息、工作背景、工作负荷、工作感受及下背痛患病情况进行调查,运用非条件logistic回归分析对护理人员下背痛的影响因素进行筛选。[结果]在784名调查对象中,有476名护理人员患有下背痛,患病率为60.7%,其中81.3%有酸痛症状,症状几乎每天出现者占54.9%,认为对工作生活造成影响者占81.7%。多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,工作满意度(OR=1.722,95%CI:1.165~2.545)、工作待遇(OR=1.556,95%CI:1.095~2.212)、工作时转身或弯腰的幅度(OR=1.123,95%CI:1.018~1.238)、日工作时数(OR=1.104,95%CI:1.000~1.218)、每小时重复同一动作次数(OR=1.041,95%CI:1.015~1.068)、日照顾病人数(OR=1.021,95%CI:1.006~1.036)、每月平均休息天数(OR=0.937,95%CI:0.884~0.992)、就业状况(OR=0.475,95%CI:0.348~0.647)是该医院护理人员下背痛可能的影响因素。[结论]该医院护理人员下背痛的患病率较高,工作满意度降低、对工作待遇不满意、工作时转身或弯腰的幅度增加、日工作时数增加、每小时重复同一动作次数增加、日照顾病人数增加是护理人员下背痛可能的危险因素。每月休息天数增加和不在编的就业状态是其可能的保护因素。

[Objective] To investigate the prevalence and possible influencing factors of low back pain among nurses in a hospital in Tangshan City.[Methods] A cross-sectional study was conducted to collect general demographic information, work background, work load, work perception, and prevalence of low back pain of nursing staff from a hospital in Tangshan City. Non-conditional logistic regression analysis was used to identify the influencing factors of low back pain.[Results] There were 476 nurses with low back pain among 784 respondents, and the prevalence rate was 60.7%. Among them, those who reported muscle soreness accounted for 81.3%, those who suffered from related symptoms almost daily accounted for 54.9%, and those who thought their work and life were affected therefrom accounted for 81.7%. The multiple non-conditional logistic regression analysis results showed that job satisfaction （OR=1.722, 95%CI：1.165-2.545）, remuneration （OR=1.556, 95%CI：1.095-2.212）, the range of twisting or bending at work （OR=1.123, 95%CI：1.018-1.238）, daily working hours （OR=1.104, 95%CI：1.000-1.218）, the number of repeating the same action per hour （OR=1.041, 95%CI：1.015-1.068）, patients cared for every day （OR=1.021, 95%CI：1.006-1.036）, average rest days per month （OR=0.937, 95%CI：0.884-0.992）, and employment status （OR=0.475, 95%CI：0.348-0.647） were the possible influencing factors of low back pain in selected nursing staff.[Conclusion] A high prevalence of low back pain is identified among the hospital nurses. Lower job satisfaction, unsatisfactory remuneration, increased range of twisting or bending at work, more working hours, increased number of repeating the same action per hour, and more patients cared for every day might be the risk factors for low back pain of the studied nurses; more rest days per month and staff not within establishment might be the protective factors.