中国沿海沿江沿边与内陆城市经济梯度问题研究

Research on the Economic Gradient of the Cities Along the Coast,the River,the Border and Inland

基于区位商理论,构建衡量城市经济发展水平的新指标——人口区位指数,系统测算2000—2014年中国城市的人口区位指数,探索沿海、沿江、沿边与内陆城市间经济发展水平的梯度差异及演变趋势。研究表明,我国沿海、沿江、沿边城市的人口区位指数均值明显高于内陆城市,说明城市间存在经济梯度;沿海城市的人口区位指数均值最高,表明海洋这一区位因子对经济发展的作用,同时也发现行政区位优势和自然资源优势对经济发展也有重要影响。基于以上,从空间布局、时间次序和数量分配三个视角,提出中国区域经济布局的对策建议,为缩小海陆发展差距、推动经济提质增效升级提供参考。

Based on the Location Quotient, the paper builds a new indicator measuring the level of economic development-population and location index （PLI）to measure the urban population and location index from 2000 to 2014 and explore the level of economic development gradient difference and the tendency of it among the cities along the coast, the river, the border and inland. The research shows that the PLI of the cities along the coast,the river,the border is significantly higher than that of inland cities/ and there are economic gradients among cities. Coastal cities＂ PLI average is the highest, showing the effect that the ocean gives to it, and it is also found that administrative location advantage and natural resources advantage have great influence on the economic development. Based on the above,this paper provides reference to the regional economic layout from the three perspectives of space layout, time order and quantity distribution to narrow the sea-land development gap and promote China-s economic development efficiently.