自制促染剂处理涤纶织物结构及分散染料常压沸染染色性能研究

The research of polyester fabric construction treated by the self-made dyeing promoter and the dyeing properties of disperse dyes on ordinary-pressure boiling dyeing

测定自制促染剂处理涤纶织物的DSC、TG、SEM图,并与蒸馏水处理织物进行比较,分析促染剂处理涤纶结构性能的变化;研究促染剂处理涤纶织物对分散染料常压沸染染色性能及纤维损伤的影响。结果表明,促染剂可降低涤纶玻璃化温度和结晶度,且对涤纶热稳定性没有影响。常压加促染剂沸染染色工艺的染料上染率、织物表观深度、色光和匀染性、耐摩擦色牢度及耐皂洗色牢度与传统高温高压染色接近,且明显优于常压无促染剂染色;促染剂可提高染色涤纶纤维的透染性及移染性,但透染性不及传统高温高压染色。促染剂对织物强力顶破没有影响,常压加促染剂沸染染色工艺可降低染色温度,缩短染色时间,减少能耗,符合节能减排的要求。

The fabric construction of polyester treated by the self-made dyeing promoter was analyzed by determining the DSC, TG and SEM figures of polyester fabric and compared with the fabric treated by distilled water. The effects of the self-made dyeing promoter on the dyeing properties of disperse dyes on ordinary-pressure boiling dyeing and fiber damage were studied. The results showed that the dyeing promoter could reduce the glass transition temperature and crystallinity of polyester fibers, and had no effect on thermal stability of polyester fibers. The dyeing percentage, apparent depth, color shape, level dyeing property and the fastness to rubbing and soaping of polyester that of ordinary- pressure boiling dyeing process with dyeing promoter were similar to that of traditional high temperature pressure dyeing process, and obviously superior to ordinary-pressure dyeing process without dyeing promoter. Furthermore, the dyeing promoter could improve the permeability and migration properties of dyeing polyester fibers, but the permeability was inferior to the polyester fibers that of traditional high temperature pressure dyeing process. The dyeing promoter has no harm to fabric strength. The ordinary-pressure boiling dyeing process could reduce the dyeing temperature, shorten dyeing time and reduce the energy, which was according with the demand of saving energy and reducing emission.