论宋代咏史诗繁荣的政治文化背景

On Political and Cultural Background for Prosperousness of Historical Poems in Song Dynasty

宋帝不仅重视编撰前代史书,以古鉴今,而且以极大的热情阅读经史,赋为咏经咏史之作,且命馆阁大臣唱和,具有重要的政治导向作用。在帝王的爱好提倡和时代学风的影响下,宋人喜史、爱史、写史、咏史的社会风气普遍形成,咏史创作成为才、学、识兼备的诗人的标志。官员文人纷纷创作咏史诗,或发表史见,或嘲古讽今,或抒发情志,或吟史备忘,或练习声律,或逞才斗能,全面促进了咏史诗创作的勃兴。

Emperors of the Song Dynasty not only paid great attention to compilation of historical books of previous generations, but also read the histories with great enthusiasm, and ordered ministers to sing historical poems in responsory ways. This had an important political orientation for the historical poems. Under the influence of the emperors＇ hobby and advocate, and the learning style that time, the social atmosphere of liking history, loving history, writing history, and chanting history came into being generally. And thus writing and chanting historical poems become a symbol of a poet＇s knowledge and talent. That officials and men of letters might create historical pomes, or publish views on history, or ridicule the ancient and the present, or express their feelings, or recall history, or practice rhythms, or show off their talents, promoted the creation of the historical pomes comprehensively.