青岛市成人戒烟现况及影响因素分析

Survey on smoking cessation behaviors and analysis of tobacco control strategy in Qingdao city

目的分析青岛市成人戒烟状况和戒烟意愿的影响因素。方法采取多阶段分层随机抽样的方法,在青岛市抽取5 000名15岁及以上的居民,采取入户调查的方式进行问卷调查。根据2010年第六次普查人口加权计算,采用戒烟率、尝试戒烟次数、医生戒烟建议等指标描述戒烟行为,采用复杂抽样Logistic单因素和多因素分析,探讨吸烟者戒烟意愿的影响因素。结果青岛市成年吸烟者戒烟率为20.2%;吸烟者尝试戒烟和意愿戒烟的比例分别为24.8%和13.5%,54.6%的尝试戒烟者在过去12个月尝试戒烟2次以上;就诊的吸烟者中有66.8%的人接受过医生的戒烟建议。多因素分析显示,在控制其它影响因素后,只有烟草危害知识知晓情况和是否尝试过戒烟会影响戒烟意愿。结论青岛市人群目前尝试戒烟率较低,应提高戒烟服务的专业性和可及性,促进吸烟者尝试戒烟,同时制定针对性的控烟宣传策略,提高未来戒烟意愿。

Objective To analyze the prevalence of smoking cessation and factors associated with intention to quit smoking among adult smokers in Qingdao city,and to explore the direction for policy planning.Methods A total of 5 000 residents aged ≥ 15 years were selected in Qingdao through multiple stages sampling to conduct a household face-to-face interview.Indicators as quit proportion in ever smokers,frequency of quit attempts,percentage of smokers who received health care provider advice were calculated to describe the prevalence of smoking cessation by weight on age proportions from the 2010 census.Methods of univariate and multiple Logistic regression in complex sample were used to explore factors associated with intention to quit smoking.Results There were 20.2% of ever smokers who had quit smoking.13.5% of current smokers planed or thought about quitting within the next 12 months.During the past 12 months,24.8% of current smokers had attempted to quit smoking and among those,54.6% had tried two or more times.66.8% of smokers who visited a health care provider received cessation advice.After controlling for other factors,just as showed in multiple analysis,we found that the intention to quit smoking was significantly associated with the smoking-related health knowledge and a quit history.Conclusions The percentage of smokers who had tried to quit snoking was lower.The smoking cessation services should be provided more professionally and accessibly to encourage smoking cessation.Some targeted propaganda strategies should be made to improve the willingness of cessation.