刑事从业禁止研究

A Research on the Prohibition of Profession in Criminal Law

从业禁止制度是刑法修正案的一次创新,该制度与禁止令、前科等制度有着很大的差异。从业禁止的职业范围界定一来要符合预防再犯罪的目的,二来需要赋予法官一定的自由裁量权。从附随性、选择适用性、功能补充性和强制性的特征来看,从业禁止应属于保安处分的范畴。适用从业禁止制度应当适当,即符合必要性、关联性、可行性和罪刑相当的原则,可以在适用前引入社会调查机制,适用后结合保证制度与监督制度以便达到更好的法律效果。

The Prohibition of profession is an innovation of criminal law amendment. Comparedto the prohibition and the crime record, it has so many differences. The scope of the occupation of the prohibition of profession need to meet the pur- pose of prevention of further crimes, and it also need to give the judge a certain discretion. The prohibition of profession is a security measure because of its incidental, selectivity, complementariness coerciveness. The system should be in accordance with the principle of appropriateness in four aspects： necessity, relevance, feasibility and punishment appropriately. It should be combined with the application of the social investigation system, meanwhile the guarantee system and the supervision sys- tem also need to be introduced.