古希腊时期模仿理论谫谈

A Study of Imitation Theory in Ancient Greece

模仿理论是文学理论内容中不可缺少的组成部分,它不仅是文学起源的一个理论,同时也是文学创作的理论。而其在古希腊时期盛行有着诸多原因,并且经历了从雏形、发展到成熟的过程。哈利威尔把模仿一词解释为一是视觉上的相似,一是行为上的仿效。在绘画、雕塑方面,强调视觉上的相似,即逼真的程度;在诗歌、戏剧中,则要求模仿行动中的人,指模仿人的行为。而这两者的变化也是在从自然哲学阶段到社会哲学阶段的转变中得以实现。

Imitation theory is an indispensable part of the content of literary theory. It is not only a theory of literary origin, but also a literary creation theory. And its prevalence in ancient Greece has many reasons, and experienced from the embryonic form, development to maturity process. Harry＇s interpretation of the word imitation is the visual similarity; one is the behavior of imitation. In painting, sculpture, emphasizing the visual similarity, that is, realistic level; in poetry, drama, it is required to imitate the action of people, refers to the imitation of human behavior. And the change of the two is also realized in the transformation from the natural philosophy stage to the social philosophical stage.