不同提取方法对鲽鱼皮胶原蛋白结构特征和功能性质的影响

Effects of different extraction methods on structure characteristics and functional properties of collagen from the skin of flounder( Pleuronichthys cornutus)

为揭示不同提取方法对鲽鱼皮胶原蛋白结构特征和功能性质的影响,以新鲜鲽鱼皮为研究对象,采用酸法和酶法从其中提取胶原蛋白,得到酸溶性胶原蛋白(ASC)和酶促溶性胶原蛋白(PSC),并对这2种胶原蛋白的结构特征和功能性质进行比较研究。紫外光谱扫描结果表明,ASC和PSC在230 nm处均有强吸收峰,在280 nm处无明显的吸收峰,均符合胶原蛋白的结构特征;傅里叶红外光谱扫描结果显示ASC和PSC都存在酰胺A、酰胺B、酰胺Ⅰ、酰胺Ⅱ、酰胺Ⅲ,均保持了胶原蛋白三维螺旋结构的完整性;SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳证实了ASC和PSC均为Ⅰ型胶原蛋白。吸湿性和保湿性结果表明,随着时间的变化,ASC和PSC的吸湿率呈现逐渐增大的趋势,而其保湿率呈现下降的趋势;浊度及聚集特性结果表明,ASC和PSC溶液的聚集动力学曲线均呈现S型趋势,且在整个过程中ASC的聚集能力大于PSC的聚集能力;吸水性和吸油性结果显示,ASC和PSC均有一定的吸水性和吸油性,且两者的吸油性均大于各自的吸水性。以上结果表明,不同提取方法对鲽鱼皮胶原蛋白结构特征和功能性质有一定的影响。

To reveal the effects of different extraction methods on structure characteristics and functional proper- ties of collagen from flounder skin, ASC and PSC were extracted from the skin of flounder and the structure character- istics and functional properties were compared and studied. Ultraviolet spectrum scanning revealed that ASC and PSC had a strong absorption peak at 230 nm, and there was not a strong absorption peak at 280 nm, which demonstrated the two kinds of proteins were in accordance with the characteristics of the collagen. The ASC and PSC proved the ex- istences of amide A, amide B, amide Ⅰ, amide Ⅱ , amide Ⅲ , revealing that ASC and PSC were very similar in their protein secondary structures. SDS-PAGE profiles confirmed that both ASC and PSC were type I collagen. Moisture re- tention and hygroscopicity indicated that moisture absorption rate of PSC was significantly higher than ASC （P 〈 0, 05）. However, there was not significant difference for ASC and PSC in moisture-retention ability （ P 〉 0.05 ）. With the extension of time, the aggregation kinetics curves of ASC and PSC showed a S trend, and the aggregation a- bility of ASC was higher than that of PSC in the whole process. Water absorption capacity （WAC） and oil absorption capacity （OAC） indicated that both ASC and PSC had a certain water absorption and oil absorption capacity, sugges- ting that the WAC and OAC of PSC were higher than that of ASC. These results described above showed that different extraction methods had certain effects on structure characteristics and functional properties of collagen from flounder skin.