颈动脉内膜剥脱术治疗颈动脉狭窄的研究现状

Carotid endarterectomy in the treatment of carotid artery stenosis

脑卒中是当今全球成人致残和死亡的重要病因,其中缺血性卒中占75%~85%。颈动脉狭窄和闭塞是缺血性脑卒中的常见原因,约1/3的缺血性脑卒中由颈动脉狭窄引起。颈动脉狭窄的治疗方式主要包括药物治疗和手术治疗,手术方法即颈动脉内膜剥脱术(CEA),手术的主要目的是改善脑血循环,减少卒中发生率,自1954年Eastcott完成首例CEA以来,CEA已有60多年的历史,被认为是治疗颈动脉狭窄的金标准。文章对颈动脉狭窄的手术适应证、术前评估及手术相关问题进行综述。

Stroke is an important cause of adult disability and death in the world today, in which ischemic stroke accounts for about 75% to 85%.Carotid stenosis and occlusion is a common cause of ischemic stroke, about a third of ischemic stroke caused by carotid artery stenosis.Treatment of carotid stenosis mainly includes drug therapy and surgery, the latter is carotid endarterectomy（CEA）.The mainly purpose of the surgery is to improve cerebral blood circulation and to reduce the probability of stroke.Since 1954, Eastcott completed the first case of carotid endarterectomy, CEA has 60 years of history, is considered the gold standard for the treatment of carotid stenosis.In the paper, we briefly decribed the operation indications、operation methods and issues associated with operation of carotid stenosis.