论碑志文的正体与变体

On the Standard Form and Varieties of Epitaphs

碑志文源于先秦,多用于殡葬礼俗。汉以后碑志文创作兴盛,最终呈现出正体、变体两种形式,蔡邕和韩愈分别为其代表作家。碑志文正、变之间的演进合乎时代社会风气和文学发展规律,其区别在于体例格式、思想内容及写作手法的不同。正体和变体既是相互对立的,又是相互联系的,其相互作用促进了碑志文体品位和审美要求的形成,也促进了碑志文创作的繁荣,具有重要的文体辩证价值。

Epitaphs were originated from the pre-Qin period,mostly used in funeral and interment.The creation of epitaphs thrived after the Han Dynasty.Gradually,they started to be created in two different forms:the standard form and its variant.Cai Yong was a representative writer of the standard form while Han Yu the variant form.The development of the standard form and its varieties conformed to the social context of the times and the rule of literary development.These two forms differ from each other in format,content and writing techniques.The standard and its variant forms are both relational and contradictory to each other.This interrelation contributed to the enhancement of taste and aesthetic sense of epitaphs writing,and boosted its development.It is also of great dialectical value.