钾肥对寒地香型粳稻光合特性及产量和品质的影响

Effects of Potassium Fertilizer Application Level on Photosynthetic Characteristics,Yield and Quality of Aromatic Japonica Rice in the Cold Region

以香稻绥粳18和中龙粳3号为材料,研究了不同钾肥施用量对寒地香型粳稻光合生产特性、产量及品质的影响。结果表明,钾肥对剑叶SPAD值作用不显著,但适宜的施钾量可以显著提高齐穗期LAI和剑叶净光合速率;适宜的钾肥施用量可以显著提高结实率、增加穗粒数和千粒重,从而显著提高产量;钾肥可以增加蛋白质含量,提高整精米率,降低垩白粒率和垩白度;还可以显著提高香稻香味,提升食味品质。通过试验同时获得了寒地香型粳稻的最适施钾量为96.0 kg/hm^2。

The effects of different potassium fertilizer application level on photosynthetic characteristics, yield and quality of aromatic japonica rice in the cold region were studied in this test, Suigeng 18 and Zhonglonggeng 3 as materials. The results showed that potas- sium fertilizer could not significantly change SPAD value of the flag leaf, but appropriate amount of potassium fertilizer could improve LAI at full heading stage and net photosynthetic rate of the flag leaf significantly. Appropriate application amount of potassium fertiliz- er could not only significantly improve seed setting rate, but also could increase the grain number per spike and 1 000-grain weight, thus significantly increase the yield. Potassium fertilizer could not only increase the protein content and the head rice rate, but also could reduce the chalky grain rate and chalkiness degree. Potassium fertilizer could significantly increase aroma and taste quality of aromatic japonica rice. The optimal amount of potassium fertilizer was 96.0 kg/hm^2 in this experiment.