综合护理干预对炎症性肠病患者营养状况和生活质量的影响

Effect of comprehensive nursing intervention on nutritional status and quality of life in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

目的探讨综合护理干预对炎症性肠病(IBD)患者营养状况、生活质量及心理状态的影响。方法选取成都医学院第一附属医院消化内科2014年6月~2015年8月收治的78例IBD患者,并按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组各39例。对照组仅采取基础常规护理,观察组在对照组的基础上行综合护理干预。两组均连续干预6个月。比较并分析干预前后两组营养状况、生活质量及心理状态。结果干预6个月后,观察组营养状况优于对照组,差异有高度统计学意义(P<0.01)。干预6个月后,两组血清前白蛋白(PA)、白蛋白(ALB)水平及体质量指数(BMI)均较干预前明显升高(P<0.05),且观察组显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预6个月后,两组肠道症状、社会能力、全身症状、情感能力及总分均较干预前明显升高(P<0.05),且观察组显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预6个月后,两组焦虑自评量表评分明显降低,一般自我效能感量表评分明显升高(P<0.05),且观察组优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论对IBD患者行综合护理干预可有效改善其营养状况及心理状态,进而提高其生活质量,值得临床开展应用。

Objective To explore the effect of comprehensive nursing intervention on the quality of life, nutritional status and mental state of patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Methods From June 2014 to August 2015, 78 patients with IBD in Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College were selected and divided into control group （n=39） and observation group （n=39） according to random number table. The control group was only received routine nursing, the observation group was received the comprehensive nursing intervention based on the control group. The nutritional status, quality of life and mental state of two groups before and after nursing intervention were compared and analyzed. The two groups were continuously intervened for 6 months. Results 6 months after nursing intervention, the nutritional status of observation group was significantly better than that of the control group （P 〈 0.01）; 6 months after intervention, the levels of PA and ALB and BMI in the two groups were significantly higher than those before intervention （P 〈 0.05）, and the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group （P 〈 0.05）; 6 months after intervention, the intestinal symptoms, social ability, systemic symptoms, emotional ability and total scores of the two groups were significantly higher than those before intervention （P 〈 0.05）, and the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group （P 〈 0.05）; 6 months after nursing intervention, the SAS score of the two groups was significantly decreased, and the GSS score was significantly higher （P 〈 0.05）, and the scores of the observation group were better than that of the control group （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion Comprehensive nursing intervention can effectively improve the nutritional status, mental state, and the quality of life of patients with IBD. It is worthy of clinical application