摘要
目的通过对铜绿假单胞菌(PA)的检出及其耐药性变化分析,指导临床用药。方法回顾性分析2011年1月至2015年12月内蒙古自治区人民医院分离m的1540株PA的标本来源、科室分布和耐药性。结果2011-2015年分离mPA占同年间细菌总检出株数的10.7%(1540/14450)。主要标本来源为痰液1143株(74.2%)、尿液99株(6.4%)、分泌物83株(5.4%)、腹腔积液47株(3.1%)和脓汁23株(1.5%)。主要分布科室为干部保健病房、神经外科、重症监护病房、呼吸内科和普外科。2011-2015年PA对哌拉西林、头孢吡肟、阿米卡星、庆大霉素、妥布霉素的耐药率均呈逐年下降趋势,2012-2015年PA对美罗培南的耐药率[19.0%(51/268)、19.9%(53/267)、26.7%(76/285)、38.1%(144/378)(2011年无数据)]呈逐年递增趋势;2013-2015年PA对环丙沙星[7.1%(19/267)、14.3%(41/286)、21.0%(81/385)]和左氧氟沙星[4.8%(13/269)、8.7%(25/288)、16.6%(64/386)]的耐药率呈现逐年递增趋势。2011-2015年耐亚胺培南PA(IRPA)对12种抗菌药物的耐药率均高于非耐亚胺培南PA(ISPA),差异均有统计学意义(均P〈0.05)。结论PA对抗菌药物的耐药性较高,IRPA与ISPA对大多数抗菌药物的耐药性存在较大差异,临床医师应做到个性化用药、针对性用药,从而有效减少抗菌药物耐药现象。
Objective To analyze the detection rate and drug resistance of pseudomonas aeruginosa(PA) and to provide evidence for clinical drug use. Methods From January 2011 to December 2015, 1 540 strains of PA detected from Inner Mongolia People's Hospital were retrospectively analyzed, including sources of specimens, distributions of departments and rates of drug resistance. Results PA accounted for 10. 7% (1 540/14 450) of the total number of bacteria from 2011 to 2015. The main specimens were sputum 1 143 (74. 2% ), urine 99(6.4% ) , secretions 83(5.4% ) , ascites 47(3.1% ) and pus 23(1.5% ). The main distributions were Cadre Health Care Ward, Department of Neurosurgery, Intensive Care Unit, Departments of Respiratory Medicine and General Surgery. Resistance rates of PA to piperacillin, cefepime, amikacin, gentamicin and tobramycin decreased from 2011 to 2015. The resistance rate of PA to meropenem increased from 2012 to 2015 [ 19.0% (51/268), 19. 9% (53/267) , 26. 7% (76/285), 38. 1% ( 144/378 ) ]. Resistance rates of PA to ciprofloxacin [ 7. 1% ( 19/267), 14. 3% (41/286), 21.0% (81/385) ] and levofloxacin[4. 8% ( 13/269), 8.7% (25/288), 16. 6% (64/386) ] increased from 2013 to 2015. Resistance rates of imipenem-resistant PA(IRPA) to 12 kinds of antibiotics were significantly higher than those of non-imipenem-resistant PA ( ISPA ) from 2011 to 2015 (P 〈 0. 05 ). Conclusions Drug resistance of PA is prevalent; IRPA and ISPA are quite different regarding antimicrobial agents resistence. Individual and pertinent drug use helps reduce antimicrobial resistance.
出处
《中国医药》
2017年第6期934-937,共4页
China Medicine
基金
内蒙古自治区科技计划(201502107)
内蒙古自治区人民医院院内基金(201417)