论《世说新语》的传记文体

The Biography Style of Shi Shuo Xin Yu

《世说新语》延续《国语》以来的语类文献传统,其实属于一部史传文献,在文体方面呈现显著的传记特质。具体表现为:其一,《世说新语》同一类目之下汇辑性质相似的人物行为及相关事迹,实际上近于正史列传体的类传或合传;其二,《世说新语》存在个人传记,《世说新语》每一门往往将同一个人的资料编撰在一起,这相当于一个人的传记,或者一个人的事迹散布于《世说新语》各门类,将这些事迹聚敛在一起,其实也是一篇传记;其三,《世说新语》还存在家族传记,一是某一特定门类出现家族传记,二是几个门类的资料合在一起形成家族传记。

As a continuation of the genre literature tradition since Guo Yu （State Biography）, Shi Shuo Xin Yu is a document of history biography, for it contains distinctive biography traits in its style, as is manifest as follows： firstly, under one entry are grouped characters of similar nature and their deeds, which is equal to an integrated biography in authentic history; secondly, there are biographies of persons, that is, data of an individual are often collected and arranged under one entry, which is roughly approximate to the biography of a person, or in other words, tales of an individual, though narrated in various entries, can be pieced together, which is virtually a biography; thirdly, in the book can also be found family biographies, which are presented in two forms-one is the presentation of the family biography in one certain entry, and the other is the embodiment of the family biography through the integration of diverse data in various entries.