土壤、地下水中重金属和多环芳烃复合污染及修复研究进展

Research progress on co-contamination and remediation of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil and groundwater

随着人们对环境污染调查研究的不断深入,对其认识也不断加深。目前,仅对某单一污染物的研究已经无法解决日趋复杂的环境污染问题,多种污染物的复合污染得到越来越多的关注。重金属和多环芳烃是环境中常见的污染物,其复合污染的情况在环境中广泛存在,而且二者之间复杂的相互作用,增加了复合污染的修复难度。土壤和地下水是重金属和多环芳烃的主要富集场所,同时也是生物生存的重要依托,一旦被污染将严重威胁人类及其他生物的生存。对重金属和多环芳烃复合污染的来源、分布、迁移、转化及其生态毒性进行了介绍,简要概括了重金属和多环芳烃复合污染之间的相互作用机理及其修复方法,并对重金属和多环芳烃复合污染的进一步研究提出展望。

The understanding of environmental contamination is gradually improved as better investigation and research are achieved. Previous study on single contaminants was no longer adequate in coping with the increasing occurrences of complex environmental co-contaminations, which have been addressed more and more. Heavy metals （HMs） and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） are ubiquitous contaminants in the environment, whose co-contaminations are frequently detected in the environment and their interactions have often made the remediation problematic. Soil and groundwater, the major bio-habitats, are the venues where such co-contaminations of HMs and PAHs occur. The co-contaminations of soil and groundwater will seriously threaten human and other ecological health. This paper hence reviews the source, distribution, migration, transformation and eco-toxicity of the co-contaminations of HMs and PAHs. It also briefly summarizes the interactions between contaminants and potential remediation technologies of the co-contaminations. The perspective research directions of such co-contaminations are proposed based upon the literature review.