变温干制对白花丹参有效成分的二次提升研究

Further promotion effect of variable temperature drying on effective components in roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza f. alba

该文研究了不同变温干制条件对白花丹参有效成分的影响,为优选白花丹参产业化干制工艺提供基础。为保证丹参活性成分含量,设计多种变温干制工艺,分别为低温30℃高温60℃、低温30℃高温70℃、低温30℃高温80℃、低温40℃高温60℃、低温40℃高温70℃、低温40℃高温80℃,采用鼓风干燥箱对白花丹参进行变温干制,利用HPLC测定不同干制条件下白花丹参中的有效成分含量变化;采用SPSS 17.0统计软件分析数据。结果显示当采用低温40℃-6 h-高温80℃干制3 h的工艺时,丹参中二氢丹参酮、隐丹参酮、丹参酮Ⅰ和丹参酮Ⅱ_A的含量最高,质量分数分别是0.35,2.76,0.78,4.47 mg·g^(-1),其中二氢丹参酮、隐丹参酮和丹参酮Ⅰ的含量分别比阴干样品增加2.9%(P>0.05),45.3%(P<0.05),34.5%(P<0.05),丹参酮Ⅱ_A的含量减少44.1%(P<0.05)。其相应水溶性成分迷迭香酸及丹酚酸B的含量当采用低温30℃-6 h-高温70℃干制3 h的工艺时达到最高,分别是3.83,55.44 mg·g^(-1),分别比阴干时增加62.3%(P<0.05),109.1%(P<0.05)。变温干制显著影响白花丹参有效成分含量的变化,相对于传统的阴干工艺,低温干制增加白花丹参中水溶性成分的含量,对二氢丹参酮、隐丹参酮、丹参酮Ⅰ等脂溶性成分含量也有明显促进作用,变温干制可以有效缩短干燥过程,为丹参产业化加工提供一定的理论基础。

To study the effects of different variable temperature drying modes on active components of roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza f. alba, and provide basis for its industrialized drying process. In order to ensure the content of active components, variable temperature drying modes were designed：low temperature at 30℃ and high temperature at 60℃, low temperature at 30℃ and high temperature at 70℃, low temperature at 30℃ and high temperature at 80℃, low temperature at 40℃ and high temperature at 60℃, low temperature at 40℃ and high temperature at 70℃, low temperature at 40℃ and high temperature at 80℃ and air dry oven was used for variable temperature drying process. Then HPLC method was used to determine the changes of active components in roots of S. miltiorrhiza f. alba under different temperature modes; and SPSS 17.0 was used to analyze the data. The results showed that the samples, which were first dried at 40℃ for six hours and then dried at 80℃ for three hours, had the highest contents in dihydrotanshinone, cryptotanshinone, tanshinone Ⅰ and tanshinone ⅡA as compared with other kinds of drying methods, and the contents were 0.35, 2.76, 0.78, 4.47 mg·g^-1, respectively. Additionally, as compared with samples dried in the shade, the contents of dihydrotanshinone, cryptotanshinone and tanshinone Ⅰ were increased 2.9% （P〉0.05）, 45.3% （P〈0.05） and 34.5% （P〈0.05）, respectively; however, the content of tanshinone ⅡA was decreased by 44.1% （P〈0.05）. The water-soluble active components （rosmarinic acid and salvianolic acid B） of roots of S. miltiorrhiza f. alba, had the highest contents when the samples were first dried at 30℃ for six hours and then 70℃ for three hours, and the contents were 3.83,55.44 mg·g^-1, increased by 62.3% （P〈0.05） and 109.1% （P〈0.05） respectively as compared with the samples dried in the shade. Variable temperature drying can significantly affect the contents of active components in roots of S. miltiorrhiza f. alba. As compared with the traditional process of shade-drying process, low temperature drying can significantly increase the content of water-soluble active components and also with significant promotion effect on the liposoluble components such as tanshinone ⅡA, cryptotanshinone and tanshinone Ⅰ. The variable temperature drying mode, can effectively shorten the process of drying and provide theoretical basis for industrial processing of roots of S. miltiorrhiza f. alba.