石斛与铁皮石斛关系的本草考证

Herbal textual research on relationship between Chinese medicine“Shihu”(Dendrobium spp.) and "Tiepi Shihu"(D. catenatum)

该文通过历代"本草"有关"石斛"基原、产地与质量和性状描述的考证,根据"石斛生六安、温台为上""味甘,平……""股短""细实"或"中实"等稳定的产地分布与性状描述,认为历代"本草"所指的优质"石斛"主要指石斛属的"铁皮石斛Dendrobium catenatum(D.officinale)"与"霍山石斛D.houshanense"。针对铁皮石斛曾使用的D.candidum,D.officinale,D.catenatum 3个拉丁学名,通过名实考证,其学名应为D.catenatum,D.officinale为其后出同名,考虑到D.officinale已被广泛使用并约定成俗,建议将其作为保留名,并以"铁皮石斛"作为中文的通用名称。

Dendrobium species on the ancient Chinese herbal texts were investigated in this paper, including their dscriptions of original species, producing areas and quality. Our results indicated that the major producing areas were Lu＇an, Anhui province and Wenzhou, Taizhou, Zhejiang province. In addition, the sweet flavor, short, thin and solid stems were standing for good quality. Based on the stable producing areas and quality descriptions, D. catenatum （D. officinale） （＂Tiepi Shihu＂） and D. houshanense were high quality medicinal Dendrobium species （＂Shihu＂） in ancient China. Besides, there were 3 scientific names for ＂Tiepi Shihu＂, including D. candidum, D. officinale, D. catenatum. After textual investigation, We suggest that D. catenatum should be its scientific name, and D. officinale was synonyms published later. However, the name ＂D. officinale＂ could be reserved as it is much more popular used in publication and commodities. Moreover, its Chinese name should be ＂Tiepi Shihu＂.