四川省应对风险灾害社区抗逆力水平TOPSIS法分析

Community resilience to disaster risk in Sichuan province of China:an analysis of TOPSIS

目的分析四川省城市、农村、城镇不同地区社区抗逆力水平及原因。方法采取分层随机抽样方法抽取四川省880名社区居民进行风险灾害社区抗逆力水平问卷调查,应用TOPSIS综合评价方法对各地区进行排序,并用独立样本t检验比较不同地区间社区抗逆力水平。结果社区总体抗逆力评分为(3.15±0.19)分;基于TOPSIS综合分析法结果显示,农村Ci值为1,大于城市(0.282)与城镇(0.084)地区;农村居民在个人与社区关系和居民亲密程度得分为(3.69±0.73)和(3.58±0.79)分,均高于城市居民的(3.20±0.87)和(3.11±0.92)分及城镇居民的(3.27±0.73)和(3.15±0.79)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);农村与城镇比较社区灾害管理能力、信息沟通能力高于城镇(P<0.05)。结论要有针对性地提高社区居民的社区意识、社区参与度,提高社区灾害管理能力,增强社区资源拥有率,完善社区服务,提高应对风险灾害的社区抗逆力水平。

Objective To analyze the level of community resilience to disaster risk and its relevant factors in vari- ous regions of Sichuan province of China. Methods Using stratified random sampling, we recruited 880 urban and rural adult community residents in two administrative regions of Sichuan province and conducted a survey on community resili- ence to disaster risk among the residents with a self-designed questionnaire in April 2015. We adopted the technique for order-preference by similarity to ideal solution （TOPSIS） and T test for independent-samples to compare the community resilience in different regions. Results The overall score was 3.15±0. 19 for community resilience reported by the residents. The results of TOPSIS analysis revealed higher criterion index （Ci） value of community resilience of rural communities than those of urban and township communities （ 1 vs. 0. 282 and 0. 084）. Compared to urban and township residents, the rural residents showed significantly higher scores for the relationship between habitants and community （ 3.69 ±0. 73 vs. 3.20±0. 87 and 3.11 ±0. 92） and intimate relationship among community dwellers （3.58±0. 79 vs. 3.27 ± 0. 73 and 3.15±0. 79） （P 〈0. 05 for all）. The ability of disaster management and information communication of rural communities were higher than those of urban and township communities （both P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusion Disaster risk-related consciousness and involvement should be improved among community residents to increase community management and resilience to disaster risk.