深圳市2014年居民热浪期间适应性行为调查

Adaptive behaviors during heat wave among residents of Shenzhen city,2014

目的了解深圳市居民高温热浪期间所采取的适应行为现状,分析适应行为与中暑之间的关系。方法2014年11月,采用分层随机抽样的方法抽取深圳市623名居民进行入户面对面的问卷调查,了解一般人口学特征、对热浪的认知、热浪期间的自发性适应行为及过去1年是否发生过中暑。采用χ~2检验对各组率进行比较,采用非条件logistic回归分析适应行为与中暑关系。结果深圳市居民对热浪知晓率为69.5%,居民风险评估平均得分为(3.53±1.05)分;热浪期间,有621人采取至少1项适应行为,其中"多喝水"这一行为使用率最高(93.1%);logistic回归分析显示,热浪期间"外出乘坐空调车"、"多喝水"、"穿浅色衣服"和"减少户外活动"为居民发生中暑的保护因素(P<0.05)。结论深圳市居民对热浪知晓率较高,且绝大多数居民在热浪期间采取了适应行为,部分适应行为对防止发生中暑能起到一定作用。

Objective To study the status of adaptive behavior during high temperature season and heat wave period among residents of Shenzhen city and to analyze the relationship between adaptive behaviors and heatstroke among the residents. Methods During November 2014, a household face-to-face questionnaire survey was conducted among 623 community residents selected with stratified random sampling in Shenzhen city to collect information on demography, awareness about heat wave, spontaneous adaptive behaviors during heat wave, and whether having heatstroke during previous one year. We used chi-square test to compare differences among various resident groups and unconditional logistic regression to analyze the relationship between adaptive behaviors and heatstroke among the residents. Results Among the residents ,the rate of awareness about heat wave was 69. 5% and the average score for heat wave risk assessment was 3.53 ± 1.05. Almost all the residents （621） people adopted at least one adaptive practice during a heat wave period and drinking plenty of water was the most frequently used adaptive practice, which was reported by 93.1% of the residents. The results of logistic regression showed that taking air-conditioned buses for traffic, drinking plenty of water, wearing light color clothes, and limiting outdoor activities were protective factors for heatstroke during a heat wave period among the residents （ P 〈 0.05 for all）. Conclusion Both the awareness about heat wave and the proportion of adopting adaptive practice spontaneously were high among the community residents in Shenzhen city during heat wave period and some of the adaptive practices may contribute to the prevention of heatstroke.