2016年辽宁省医疗机构输血相容性检测室间质量评价结果分析

External quality assessment results of clinical transfusion compatibility test laboratories in Liaoning province in 2016

目的了解辽宁省医疗机构输血相容性检测室间质量评价情况,规范临床输血检验质量管理,提高我省整体输血实验的检测水平。方法依据《临床输血技术规范》,建立辽宁省医疗机构临床输血相容性检测室间质评方案,对全省241家参评实验室的ABO/Rh D血型鉴定、抗体筛查和交叉配血实验的检测能力与质量水平进行评估。结果通过全年两次质评结果发现:三甲医院在血型鉴定、抗体筛查和交叉配血等方面的检测水平,检测方法的应用以及检测质量的控制明显好于二甲和一级医院。在血型鉴定、抗体筛查和交叉配血中选择微柱凝集卡式法检测合格率(94.3%)高于试管法(90%)。结论建立临床输血相容性检测室间质量评价计划,有利于发现临床输血工作中存在的问题,为实验室提高检测准确度及质量改进提供依据。

Objective To assess the quality of clinical compatibility tests in the hospitals of Liaoning province, and to standardize the procedure before transfusion and improve detection ability. Methods Based on ＂Clinical Transfusion Technical Specifications＂ published by the Ministry of Health, the external quality assessment system of transfusion compatibility test was established in Liaoning province. There were 241 laboratories in the external quality assessment, which included ABO grouping, antibody screening and erossmatehing. Results Through the qualitative evaluation activity, third-grade class hospitals were found to be much better in ABO grouping, antibody screening and crossmateh, the level of detection, detection method of application and test quality control than second-class hospitals and first-class hospitals .The qualified rate using micro-column cassette method （ 94. 3% ） was higher than that of the test tabe method （ 90% ）. Conclusion Establishing a clinical blood transfusion compatibility quality assessment program can help to find the problems existing in the work of clinical blood transfusion, to improve the detection accuracy and to provide basis for further quality improvement.